Basic Differentiation: Rules of Differentiation
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Questions and Answers

What is the derivative of the function $f(x) = 5x^3$ according to the Power Rule?

  • $15x^2$ (correct)
  • $20x^4$
  • $5x^2$
  • $3x^4$
  • What is the result of applying the Constant Rule to the function $f(x) = 10$?

  • $0$ (correct)
  • $1$
  • $10$
  • Undefined
  • If $f(x) = 2x^2 + 3x - 7$, what is $f'(x)$ using the Sum Rule?

  • $4x + 3$ (correct)
  • $2x - 3$
  • $2x + 3$
  • $4x - 3$
  • Which rule should be applied when differentiating a function expressed as a constant times another function, $f(x) = k g(x)$?

    <p>Constant Multiple Rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct derivative of the polynomial function $f(x) = 4x^5 - 3x^2 + 7$?

    <p>$20x^4 - 6x$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about differentiation of polynomials is true?

    <p>The derivative of a constant term always equals zero.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the derivative of the function $f(x) = -5x^6 + 2x^4 + x$?

    <p>$-30x^5 + 8x^3 + 1$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the process of differentiating the polynomial $f(x) = x^3 + 5x^2 - x + 2$, what happens to the term $2$ when differentiated?

    <p>It becomes $0$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the derivative of the term $x^{3/4}$?

    <p>$\frac{3}{4} x^{-1/4}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For the polynomial $P(x) = 2x^{1/2} + 4x^{3/5}$, what is $P'(x)$?

    <p>$x^{-1/2} + 4 \cdot \frac{3}{5} x^{-2/5}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When differentiating $P(x) = 5x^{7/8} - 3x^{2/3}$, what is the simplified form of $P'(x)$?

    <p>$\frac{35}{8} x^{-1/8} - 2x^{-1/3}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a polynomial defined as $P(x) = 4x^{3/2} + 6x^{5/6}$, what approach gives the correct derivative $P'(x)$?

    <p>Differentiate each term separately and simplify each term before combining.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct derivative of the polynomial $P(x) = 7x^{5/4} - 2x^{2/5} + x^{3/2}$?

    <p>$\frac{35}{4} x^{1/4} - \frac{4}{5} x^{-3/5} + \frac{3}{2} x^{1/2}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the form of the derivative of the cubic curve represented by the function $f(x) = ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d$?

    <p>$3ax^2 + 2bx + c$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the cubic function is $f(x) = 2x^3 - 3x^2 + x + 4$, what is the gradient of the tangent at the point $x=1$?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For the cubic function $f(x) = 3x^3 + 4x^2 - x + 5$, what is the general procedure to find the gradient at $x_0$?

    <p>Differentiate $f(x)$ then substitute $x_0$ into the derivative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the gradient of the normal line for the quadratic function when the gradient of the tangent at point $x_0$ is $3$?

    <p>$-\frac{1}{3}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Given the quadratic function $f(x) = 4x^2 + 2x - 5$, what is the gradient of the normal line at $x = 1$?

    <p>$-\frac{1}{10}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the quadratic function is defined as $f(x) = -3x^2 + 6x + 1$, what is the equation of the normal line at point $x = 2$?

    <p>$y = \frac{1}{6}x + \frac{2}{3}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For the function $f(x) = x^2 - 4x + 4$, what is the gradient of the normal line at $x = 2$?

    <p>undefined</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Basic Differentiation: Rules of Differentiation

    1. Power Rule

      • If (f(x)=xn)( f(x) = x^n )(f(x)=xn), then (f′(x)=nxn−1)( f'(x) = nx^{n-1} )(f′(x)=nxn−1).
    2. Constant Rule

      • If ( f(x) = c ) (where ( c ) is a constant), then ( f'(x) = 0 ).
    3. Constant Multiple Rule

      • If (f(x)=k⋅g(x))( f(x) = k \cdot g(x) )(f(x)=k⋅g(x)) (where ( k ) is a constant), then (f′(x)=k⋅g′(x))( f'(x) = k \cdot g'(x) )(f′(x)=k⋅g′(x)).
    4. Sum Rule

      • If ( f(x) = g(x) + h(x) ), then ( f'(x) = g'(x) + h'(x) ).
    5. Difference Rule

      • If ( f(x) = g(x) - h(x) ), then ( f'(x) = g'(x) - h'(x) ).

    Differentiation of Polynomials

    • Differentiation determines the rate of change of a function.
    • Polynomials are functions with terms consisting of constants and variables raised to non-negative integer powers.
    • The power rule states the derivative of (xn)is(nxn−1)( x^n ) is ( n x^{n-1} )(xn)is(nxn−1).
    • To differentiate a polynomial, apply the power rule to each term individually.

    Example

    • The derivative of (3x4+2x3−x+5)is(12x3+6x2−1)( 3x^4 + 2x^3 - x + 5 ) is ( 12x^3 + 6x^2 - 1)(3x4+2x3−x+5)is(12x3+6x2−1).

    Higher Order Derivatives

    • The second derivative is the derivative of the first derivative.

    Applications

    • Differentiation is widely used in various fields like physics, economics, and engineering.

    Key Points

    • Differentiate each term in a polynomial separately.
    • The derivative of a constant is zero.
    • The degree of the polynomial reduces by 1 with each differentiation.

    General Tips

    • Simplify the fractional exponent before applying the differentiation rules.
    • Combine like terms in the derivative for the simplest form.
    • Handle negative exponents carefully.

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