Basic Differentiation: Rules of Differentiation

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Questions and Answers

What is the derivative of the function $f(x) = 5x^3$ according to the Power Rule?

  • $15x^2$ (correct)
  • $20x^4$
  • $5x^2$
  • $3x^4$

What is the result of applying the Constant Rule to the function $f(x) = 10$?

  • $0$ (correct)
  • $1$
  • $10$
  • Undefined

If $f(x) = 2x^2 + 3x - 7$, what is $f'(x)$ using the Sum Rule?

  • $4x + 3$ (correct)
  • $2x - 3$
  • $2x + 3$
  • $4x - 3$

Which rule should be applied when differentiating a function expressed as a constant times another function, $f(x) = k g(x)$?

<p>Constant Multiple Rule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct derivative of the polynomial function $f(x) = 4x^5 - 3x^2 + 7$?

<p>$20x^4 - 6x$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about differentiation of polynomials is true?

<p>The derivative of a constant term always equals zero. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the derivative of the function $f(x) = -5x^6 + 2x^4 + x$?

<p>$-30x^5 + 8x^3 + 1$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the process of differentiating the polynomial $f(x) = x^3 + 5x^2 - x + 2$, what happens to the term $2$ when differentiated?

<p>It becomes $0$. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the derivative of the term $x^{3/4}$?

<p>$\frac{3}{4} x^{-1/4}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For the polynomial $P(x) = 2x^{1/2} + 4x^{3/5}$, what is $P'(x)$?

<p>$x^{-1/2} + 4 \cdot \frac{3}{5} x^{-2/5}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When differentiating $P(x) = 5x^{7/8} - 3x^{2/3}$, what is the simplified form of $P'(x)$?

<p>$\frac{35}{8} x^{-1/8} - 2x^{-1/3}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a polynomial defined as $P(x) = 4x^{3/2} + 6x^{5/6}$, what approach gives the correct derivative $P'(x)$?

<p>Differentiate each term separately and simplify each term before combining. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct derivative of the polynomial $P(x) = 7x^{5/4} - 2x^{2/5} + x^{3/2}$?

<p>$\frac{35}{4} x^{1/4} - \frac{4}{5} x^{-3/5} + \frac{3}{2} x^{1/2}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the form of the derivative of the cubic curve represented by the function $f(x) = ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d$?

<p>$3ax^2 + 2bx + c$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the cubic function is $f(x) = 2x^3 - 3x^2 + x + 4$, what is the gradient of the tangent at the point $x=1$?

<p>1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For the cubic function $f(x) = 3x^3 + 4x^2 - x + 5$, what is the general procedure to find the gradient at $x_0$?

<p>Differentiate $f(x)$ then substitute $x_0$ into the derivative. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the gradient of the normal line for the quadratic function when the gradient of the tangent at point $x_0$ is $3$?

<p>$-\frac{1}{3}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given the quadratic function $f(x) = 4x^2 + 2x - 5$, what is the gradient of the normal line at $x = 1$?

<p>$-\frac{1}{10}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the quadratic function is defined as $f(x) = -3x^2 + 6x + 1$, what is the equation of the normal line at point $x = 2$?

<p>$y = \frac{1}{6}x + \frac{2}{3}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For the function $f(x) = x^2 - 4x + 4$, what is the gradient of the normal line at $x = 2$?

<p>undefined (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Basic Differentiation: Rules of Differentiation

  1. Power Rule

    • If (f(x)=xn)( f(x) = x^n )(f(x)=xn), then (f′(x)=nxn−1)( f'(x) = nx^{n-1} )(f′(x)=nxn−1).
  2. Constant Rule

    • If ( f(x) = c ) (where ( c ) is a constant), then ( f'(x) = 0 ).
  3. Constant Multiple Rule

    • If (f(x)=kâ‹…g(x))( f(x) = k \cdot g(x) )(f(x)=kâ‹…g(x)) (where ( k ) is a constant), then (f′(x)=kâ‹…g′(x))( f'(x) = k \cdot g'(x) )(f′(x)=kâ‹…g′(x)).
  4. Sum Rule

    • If ( f(x) = g(x) + h(x) ), then ( f'(x) = g'(x) + h'(x) ).
  5. Difference Rule

    • If ( f(x) = g(x) - h(x) ), then ( f'(x) = g'(x) - h'(x) ).

Differentiation of Polynomials

  • Differentiation determines the rate of change of a function.
  • Polynomials are functions with terms consisting of constants and variables raised to non-negative integer powers.
  • The power rule states the derivative of (xn)is(nxn−1)( x^n ) is ( n x^{n-1} )(xn)is(nxn−1).
  • To differentiate a polynomial, apply the power rule to each term individually.

Example

  • The derivative of (3x4+2x3−x+5)is(12x3+6x2−1)( 3x^4 + 2x^3 - x + 5 ) is ( 12x^3 + 6x^2 - 1)(3x4+2x3−x+5)is(12x3+6x2−1).

Higher Order Derivatives

  • The second derivative is the derivative of the first derivative.

Applications

  • Differentiation is widely used in various fields like physics, economics, and engineering.

Key Points

  • Differentiate each term in a polynomial separately.
  • The derivative of a constant is zero.
  • The degree of the polynomial reduces by 1 with each differentiation.

General Tips

  • Simplify the fractional exponent before applying the differentiation rules.
  • Combine like terms in the derivative for the simplest form.
  • Handle negative exponents carefully.

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