Basic Concepts of Matter and States of Matter

• Mass is the measure of the amount of matter an object has, while volume is the measure of the space occupied by an object.
• Objects with mass and volume are called matter, while substances like heat and light, which do not have mass or occupy space, are not considered matter.
• Water exists in different states such as icebergs, ocean water, and vapor, showcasing the variety in physical form that matter can take.
• The particulate nature of matter theory explains that all matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms, which are in constant random motion.
• The molecular theory of matter suggests that all matter is made up of molecules which constantly move and attract one another.
• A molecule is a particle consisting of two or more atoms combined in a specific arrangement, and it is the smallest particle of an element or compound that can exist independently.
• Solids have a definite shape and volume, liquids take the shape of their container, and gases have no definite shape or volume and their particles move freely.

Learn about the fundamental concepts of matter, including mass, volume, atoms, and molecules. Explore the different states of matter such as solids, liquids, and gases, and how they exhibit unique characteristics.