Questions and Answers
What was the total mass of the reactants in the given chemical reaction?
The law of conservation of mass states that mass can be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
False
Name the scientist who first developed the law of constant composition.
Prust
In the dissociation of water, the ratio of oxygen mass to hydrogen mass is ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following substances with their corresponding information:
Signup and view all the answers
What is produced alongside the table salt in the reaction?
Signup and view all the answers
Ebu El Qasim Mesleme bin Ahmed El Majriti contributed to the understanding of chemical reactions by observing changes in mass during an experiment.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the significance of the constant oxygen to hydrogen ratio found in water?
Signup and view all the answers
The mass of products produced in a chemical reaction must equal the mass of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Which gas was produced during the reaction described?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Law of Conservation of Mass
- Demonstrated through the reaction of 73 g of HCl gas with 158 g of sodium thiosulfate, producing multiple products.
- Total mass of reactants: 73 g (HCl) + 158 g (sodium thiosulfate) = 231 g.
- Total mass of products: 117 g (table salt) + 64 g (SO2SO_2SO2) + 32 g (sulfur) + 18 g (water) = 231 g.
- Supports the principle that mass is conserved in chemical reactions, as mass of reactants equals mass of products.
Law of Constant Composition
- All specimens of a compound contain the same proportions of constituent elements.
- Proposed by scientist Joseph Louis Proust.
- Example: Analysis of water shows a consistent mass ratio of oxygen to hydrogen, specifically 16 g of oxygen to 2 g of hydrogen.
- This constant ratio (8:1) holds true across all water samples, regardless of their source or preparation method.
Key Historical Figures
- Antoine Lavoisier (1743-1794): Known for the formulation of the law of conservation of mass.
- Ebu El Qasim Mesleme bin Ahmed El Majriti (950-1007): Early chemistry pioneer from Andalusia.
- Conducted an experiment with mercury, heating it in a closed container, yielding a red powder with no mass change, now recognized as mercury (II) oxide.
Importance of Fixed Structures in Compounds
- Compounds exhibit a fixed structural composition.
- Water maintains a consistent hydrogen to oxygen percentage, reaffirming the law of constant composition.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz tests your understanding of the law of conservation of mass using a chemical reaction example. Calculate and prove that the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products. Enhance your grasp of fundamental chemistry concepts.
