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What principle is MRI primarily based on?
What are the two types of spins referenced in the context of spin angular momentum?
What occurs to certain atomic nuclei when placed in a magnetic field during MRI?
Why are hydrogen atoms commonly used in MRI?
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What does NMR stand for in the context of MRI?
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Which component is primarily responsible for creating a static magnetic field in an MRI scanner?
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What is a key advantage of superconducting magnets over fixed or resistive magnets in MRI systems?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the three methods used to generate a magnetic field in MRI?
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What is necessary to maintain the functionality of superconducting magnets in MRI systems?
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What is the primary function of gradient coils in an MRI scanner?
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What two properties must a nucleus possess?
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Which type of particles are nucleons composed of?
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What is the gyromagnetic ratio a measure of?
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Why do only atoms with an odd number of protons or neutrons possess spin?
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What defines precession in a rotating body when an external magnetic field is applied?
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What happens to the precession frequency as the strength of the external magnetic field increases?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the precession frequency?
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What does the magnetic dipole moment define for a nucleus?
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What does T1 relaxation specifically refer to?
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What percentage of nuclei return to the lower energy state after one T1 period?
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Which process is also known as Spin Lattice Relaxation?
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How does a short TR affect T1-weighted images?
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What mechanism generates the MR signal from a single RF pulse?
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What is the effect of a long TR on tissues with long T1 during image acquisition?
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In MRI, what does the term 'T2-weighted image' refer to?
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Which best describes the role of TR in T1-weighted imaging?
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What type of image is produced by a spin-echo sequence with a short TR and long TE?
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Which of the following is NOT a parameter used in MRI?
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What fundamental principle does MRI rely on?
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What produces a magnetic field according to MRI principles?
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In which component of the MRI scanner does the patient lie?
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Which type of image is associated with PD-weighted sequences?
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What does the acronym TE stand for in MRI?
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Which of the following best describes 'stimulated echo' in MRI?
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Which nuclei are considered good MR nuclei due to their odd number of protons or neutrons?
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What type of MRI image is most likely to appear with low contrast?
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Study Notes
Basic Components of MRI
- MRI scanners consist of a scanner, computer, and recording hardware.
- The scanner consists of static magnetic field coils, gradient coils, and radiofrequency coils.
- Magnetic fields can be generated by using fixed magnets / (permanent magnet), resistive magnets (electromagnets), and superconducting magnets.
- Fixed and resistive magnets are generally restricted to field strengths below 0.4 tesla, while high-resolution imaging systems use superconducting magnets.
- Superconducting magnets are large and complex, requiring the coils to be soaked in liquid helium for temperature reduction.
Main Components of MRI
- MRI is based on the principle of NMR.
- NMR: certain atomic nuclei absorb and re-emit RF energy when placed in a magnetic field.
- Hydrogen atoms are most commonly used because they are present throughout the body.
Basic Principles of MRI
- MRI relies on the principle of NMR, where nuclei demonstrate the ability to absorb and re-emit RF energy when placed in a magnetic field.
- Hydrogen is favored for MRI because it has both spin and charge.
- The magnetic dipole moment describes a nucleus's behavior like a small bar magnet.
- The gyromagnetic ratio is unique for each nuclear type and is defined as the relationship between magnetic dipole moment and spin angular momentum.
- Precession: a change in the rotational axis of a rotating body when an external magnetic field is applied.
- Larmor Frequency: a unique frequency at which each type of nucleus will precess under a magnetic field.
- T1: the time it takes for the longitudinal magnetization to return to its original value after the RF signal is switched off.
- T1 Relaxation Time: the time taken for 63% of nuclei to return to a lower energy state following a 90 degree pulse.
- T1 Weighted MRI: short TR images, where only tissues with short relaxation times show high signal intensity.
MRI Pulse Sequence
- Represents a programmed set of changing magnetic gradients, which dictate the characteristics of the produced image.
- Key parameters include TE (time to echo). TR (repetition time), flip angle, and diffusion weighting.
MRI Principles
- Atoms with an odd number of protons or neutrons possess intrinsic spin, which results in a magnetic dipole moment. This property is used for generating MRI signals.
- Signals are generated by the interactions of nuclear spins with the magnetic field.
MRI Scanner Components
- The magnet is where the patient lies.
- The radio wave antenna sends and then receives signals to and from the body.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential components of MRI technology, including the types of magnets and their functions. It also discusses the underlying principles of NMR and the significance of hydrogen atoms in MRI imaging. Test your knowledge on how MRI systems operate and their basic parts.
