Basic Civil and Mechanical Engineering Course Overview

A closed cylindrical vessel that generates steam by heating water or fluid.

Parts of a steam boiler include boiler shell, combustion chamber, and accessories like gauges.

A thermodynamic cycle used in petrol engines with four processes: intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust.

The ratio of the maximum to minimum volume in an Otto cycle, typically between 8 to 12.

A thermodynamic process in diesel engines involving constant pressure combustion with four processes: intake, compression, combustion, exhaust.

The part of the boiler where fuel and air mix and burn to produce heat.

The process in the Otto cycle where excess heat is removed after combustion.

A process in thermodynamics where no heat exchange occurs with the environment.

Contributes 16-17% to GDP and employs around 12% of workforce (2018).

Every job in manufacturing creates 2-3 jobs in services sector.

Metals containing a high proportion of iron, known for strength and low cost.

Used in structures like bridges, buildings, and vehicles due to their strength.

Metals that do not contain significant amounts of iron, known for corrosion resistance and conductivity.

Copper and aluminum used for electrical conductors and roofing materials.

Non-metallic, inorganic compounds made by baking clay at high temperatures.

Made from metallic and non-metallic elements like Al, Mg, Si, O.

A detailed set of commands for machine tools specifying coordinates, motions, and parameters.

Computer Numerical Control systems that automate machine tools per programmed instructions.

The method of stacking 2D layers to create 3D objects.

A file format used in 3D printing that represents 3D models for slicing.

The process of dividing 3D models into 2D layers for printing.

Benefits include design freedom, fast lead times, and localized manufacturing.

Water in a cylindrical vessel is heated to create steam for power or heating.

The difference between the sum of masses of protons and neutrons and the mass of the atomic nucleus.

The energy equivalent of the mass defect, released in nuclear reactions.

The process where unstable heavy nuclei split into smaller fragments releasing energy.

The process of combining two light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus.

The smaller nuclei resulting from nuclear fission.

An isotope used as fuel in nuclear reactors that undergoes fission.

A system that controls the release of energy from nuclear fission to generate electricity.

Material in a reactor that slows down neutrons to enable further fission.

A machine that cools water using air and evaporation.

Distributes water over fill pack for effective cooling.

Heat absorbed when water evaporates, cooling the remaining water.

A generating station using diesel engines to produce electricity.

Process of converting combustion energy to mechanical energy in diesel engines.

Includes low space requirements, quick startup, and lower overall costs.

High running costs due to expensive diesel fuel.

Diesel plants have higher thermal efficiency than steam power plants.

A rotary motion joint with the rotation axis parallel to link axes.

Joint where the input link axis is parallel, and output link axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis.

Robot arm with prismatic joint raised or lowered on a revolute joint, forming a spherical workspace.

Uses two perpendicular prismatic joints and a revolute joint to create a cylindrical workspace.

Constructed by three perpendicular slides for linear motion along three axes.

The resistance of a robot arm to deformation under load.

The ability of a robot arm to move quickly and easily with precision.

Utilized in tasks such as machining, spray painting, and machine loading.