Questions and Answers
What are the three particles of the atom?
What are the respective charges of the particles of an atom?
The number of protons in one atom of an element determines the atom's __________, and the number of electrons determines the ____________ of the element.
Identity, charge
The atomic number tells you the number of ________ in one atom of an element. It also tells you the number of ________ in a neutral atom of that element.
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No two different elements will have the same atomic number.
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The ____________ of an element is the average mass of an element's naturally occurring atoms, or isotopes, taking into account the _________ of each isotope.
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The ______________ of an element is the total number of protons and neutrons in the ___________ of the atom.
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The mass number is used to calculate the number of __________ in one atom of an element. In order to calculate the number of neutrons you must subtract the ___________ from the _____________.
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Name the element which has the following numbers of particles: 26 electrons, 29 neutrons, 26 protons.
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Name the element which has the following numbers of particles: 53 protons, 74 neutrons.
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Name the element which has the following numbers of particles: 2 electrons (neutral atoms).
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Name the element which has the following numbers of particles: 20 protons.
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Name the element which has the following numbers of particles: 86 electrons, 125 neutrons, 82 protons.
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Name the element which has the following numbers of particles: 0 neutrons.
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If you know ONLY the number of protons, can you ALWAYS determine what the element is?
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If you know ONLY the number of neutrons, can you ALWAYS determine what the element is?
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If you know ONLY the number of electrons in a neutral atom, can you ALWAYS determine what the element is?
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If you know ONLY the number of electrons, can you ALWAYS determine what the element is?
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Neutrons = _______ - _________
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Study Notes
Atomic Structure Basics
- Atoms consist of three fundamental particles: protons, electrons, and neutrons.
- Protons have a positive charge (p+), electrons have a negative charge (n-), and neutrons are neutral (n*).
Importance of Protons and Electrons
- The number of protons in an atom defines its identity, while the number of electrons determines the atom's charge.
- The atomic number indicates the number of protons in an atom and is equivalent to the number of electrons in a neutral atom.
Atomic Number and Periodic Table
- Atomic number serves as the identity of an element and its position on the periodic table; no two elements share the same atomic number.
Atomic Mass
- Atomic mass is the average mass of an element's naturally occurring isotopes, factoring in the relative abundance of each isotope.
Mass Number
- Mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in the atom's nucleus.
- To find the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the mass number.
Identifying Elements by Particles
- Iron has 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 29 neutrons.
- Iodine has 53 protons and 74 neutrons.
- Helium is identified with 2 electrons (in a neutral state).
- Calcium contains 20 protons.
- Lead has 82 protons, 86 electrons, and 125 neutrons.
- Hydrogen is characterized by having 0 neutrons.
Element Identification Conditions
- Knowing the number of protons allows for the determination of the element (Yes).
- Knowing the number of neutrons does not always allow for element identification (No).
- The number of electrons in a neutral atom can determine the element (Yes).
- Just knowing the number of electrons does not guarantee element identification (No).
Neutron Calculation
- The formula for calculating the number of neutrons is: Neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the basic atomic structure, including the three primary particles: protons, electrons, and neutrons. It also covers their respective charges and how these particles determine an atom's identity and charge. Test your knowledge of fundamental atomic concepts with these flashcards!
