Basic Atomic Structure Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What are the three particles of the atom?

  • Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons (correct)
  • Protons, Electrons, and Positrons
  • Neutrons, Electrons, and Mesons
  • Protons, Nucleons, and Quarks

    • What are the respective charges of the particles of an atom?

  • Positive e+, Negative e-, Neutral n*
  • Positive n*, Negative p-, Neutral e-
  • Positive p-, Negative n+, Neutral p+
  • Positive p+, Negative n-, Neutral n* (correct)

    • The number of protons in one atom of an element determines the atom's __________, and the number of electrons determines the ____________ of the element.

    Identity, charge

    The atomic number tells you the number of ________ in one atom of an element. It also tells you the number of ________ in a neutral atom of that element.

    <p>Protons, electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    No two different elements will have the same atomic number.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ____________ of an element is the average mass of an element's naturally occurring atoms, or isotopes, taking into account the _________ of each isotope.

    <p>Atomic mass (average), percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______________ of an element is the total number of protons and neutrons in the ___________ of the atom.

    <p>Mass number, nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mass number is used to calculate the number of __________ in one atom of an element. In order to calculate the number of neutrons you must subtract the ___________ from the _____________.

    <p>Neutrons, atomic number, mass number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the element which has the following numbers of particles: 26 electrons, 29 neutrons, 26 protons.

    <p>Iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the element which has the following numbers of particles: 53 protons, 74 neutrons.

    <p>Iodine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the element which has the following numbers of particles: 2 electrons (neutral atoms).

    <p>Helium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the element which has the following numbers of particles: 20 protons.

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the element which has the following numbers of particles: 86 electrons, 125 neutrons, 82 protons.

    <p>Lead</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the element which has the following numbers of particles: 0 neutrons.

    <p>Hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you know ONLY the number of protons, can you ALWAYS determine what the element is?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you know ONLY the number of neutrons, can you ALWAYS determine what the element is?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you know ONLY the number of electrons in a neutral atom, can you ALWAYS determine what the element is?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you know ONLY the number of electrons, can you ALWAYS determine what the element is?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neutrons = _______ - _________

    <p>Mass number - Atomic number (Mass # - Atomic #)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Atomic Structure Basics

    • Atoms consist of three fundamental particles: protons, electrons, and neutrons.
    • Protons have a positive charge (p+), electrons have a negative charge (n-), and neutrons are neutral (n*).

    Importance of Protons and Electrons

    • The number of protons in an atom defines its identity, while the number of electrons determines the atom's charge.
    • The atomic number indicates the number of protons in an atom and is equivalent to the number of electrons in a neutral atom.

    Atomic Number and Periodic Table

    • Atomic number serves as the identity of an element and its position on the periodic table; no two elements share the same atomic number.

    Atomic Mass

    • Atomic mass is the average mass of an element's naturally occurring isotopes, factoring in the relative abundance of each isotope.

    Mass Number

    • Mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in the atom's nucleus.
    • To find the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the mass number.

    Identifying Elements by Particles

    • Iron has 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 29 neutrons.
    • Iodine has 53 protons and 74 neutrons.
    • Helium is identified with 2 electrons (in a neutral state).
    • Calcium contains 20 protons.
    • Lead has 82 protons, 86 electrons, and 125 neutrons.
    • Hydrogen is characterized by having 0 neutrons.

    Element Identification Conditions

    • Knowing the number of protons allows for the determination of the element (Yes).
    • Knowing the number of neutrons does not always allow for element identification (No).
    • The number of electrons in a neutral atom can determine the element (Yes).
    • Just knowing the number of electrons does not guarantee element identification (No).

    Neutron Calculation

    • The formula for calculating the number of neutrons is: Neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number.

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    Description

    This quiz focuses on the basic atomic structure, including the three primary particles: protons, electrons, and neutrons. It also covers their respective charges and how these particles determine an atom's identity and charge. Test your knowledge of fundamental atomic concepts with these flashcards!

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