Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of visual scanning by controllers before issuing clearances?
What is the primary purpose of visual scanning by controllers before issuing clearances?
How often should controllers visually scan the maneuvering area?
How often should controllers visually scan the maneuvering area?
What does 'object hypnosis' refer to in the context of visual scanning?
What does 'object hypnosis' refer to in the context of visual scanning?
What might reduce visibility of vehicles and aircraft during scanning?
What might reduce visibility of vehicles and aircraft during scanning?
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What should controllers do if visibility prevents them from seeing aircraft or vehicles in the maneuvering area?
What should controllers do if visibility prevents them from seeing aircraft or vehicles in the maneuvering area?
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What should ground traffic be held at during the arrival or departure of an aircraft?
What should ground traffic be held at during the arrival or departure of an aircraft?
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Which of the following is an example of a conditional request?
Which of the following is an example of a conditional request?
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What must always be used during runway operations to ensure positive control?
What must always be used during runway operations to ensure positive control?
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What distance should be maintained from the runway edge in addition to a published holding position?
What distance should be maintained from the runway edge in addition to a published holding position?
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What is NOT an acceptable practice when managing active runway operations?
What is NOT an acceptable practice when managing active runway operations?
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What guidelines does MATS provide for units developing their own procedures?
What guidelines does MATS provide for units developing their own procedures?
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What should ground controllers always ensure while coordinating with airport controllers?
What should ground controllers always ensure while coordinating with airport controllers?
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What is a partial approval in runway coordination?
What is a partial approval in runway coordination?
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What must Ground confirm before entering the runway?
What must Ground confirm before entering the runway?
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What does Ground do after executing a movement on the runway?
What does Ground do after executing a movement on the runway?
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What equipment do controllers use to coordinate runway information?
What equipment do controllers use to coordinate runway information?
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How can the Integrated Working Position (IWP) be manipulated?
How can the Integrated Working Position (IWP) be manipulated?
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Which layout is not specifically mentioned as an option for IWP?
Which layout is not specifically mentioned as an option for IWP?
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What does the abbreviation FDE stand for in the context of IWP?
What does the abbreviation FDE stand for in the context of IWP?
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What is the primary function of the IWP in an operational position?
What is the primary function of the IWP in an operational position?
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What does the coordination process conclude with after Ground communicates back to the tower?
What does the coordination process conclude with after Ground communicates back to the tower?
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What is a common feature of IWP across different units?
What is a common feature of IWP across different units?
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What phrase does the Ground controller use to confirm leaving the runway?
What phrase does the Ground controller use to confirm leaving the runway?
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Which phrase indicates that an aircraft is about to cross a specific runway?
Which phrase indicates that an aircraft is about to cross a specific runway?
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What should the Ground controller say when proceeding onto a runway?
What should the Ground controller say when proceeding onto a runway?
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What is the first step for the Ground controller before the Airport controller can approve a request?
What is the first step for the Ground controller before the Airport controller can approve a request?
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When the Ground controller activates ROODS, what kind of communication is expected next?
When the Ground controller activates ROODS, what kind of communication is expected next?
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What component is necessary for practicing runway ownership transfers in this content?
What component is necessary for practicing runway ownership transfers in this content?
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What action follows the phrase 'CROSS RUNWAY ZERO-NINE AT BRAVO'?
What action follows the phrase 'CROSS RUNWAY ZERO-NINE AT BRAVO'?
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In the Ground controller's responses, what specific phrase is used to indicate crossing a runway?
In the Ground controller's responses, what specific phrase is used to indicate crossing a runway?
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What does the phrase 'RUNWAY TWO-NINE APPROVED' signify?
What does the phrase 'RUNWAY TWO-NINE APPROVED' signify?
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What should be included at the beginning of every transmission according to MATS?
What should be included at the beginning of every transmission according to MATS?
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In a situation of potential misunderstanding, what phrase should be used before identifying your unit?
In a situation of potential misunderstanding, what phrase should be used before identifying your unit?
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What is the recommended response if standard phraseology is not understood?
What is the recommended response if standard phraseology is not understood?
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When clarifying a vehicle operator's request, which phrase is appropriate?
When clarifying a vehicle operator's request, which phrase is appropriate?
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What is the preferred method of communication according to MATS?
What is the preferred method of communication according to MATS?
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According to MATS, what action should be taken if a vehicle operator's intentions are unclear?
According to MATS, what action should be taken if a vehicle operator's intentions are unclear?
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When should the controller use the vehicle's call sign during communication?
When should the controller use the vehicle's call sign during communication?
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Which of the following illustrates the correct format for an aircraft transmission?
Which of the following illustrates the correct format for an aircraft transmission?
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What role does the number assigned to vehicle callsigns represent at some airports?
What role does the number assigned to vehicle callsigns represent at some airports?
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What action is recommended if a controller needs to communicate about a vehicle request?
What action is recommended if a controller needs to communicate about a vehicle request?
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Study Notes
Basic Airport Control Course - Lesson 201 - Controlling on the Ground
- Terminal Objective: In a simulated environment, control vehicles and reposition aircraft on the ground in accordance with the lesson plan.
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Enabling Objectives:
- EO 201.1 Coordinate runway ownership.
- EO 201.2 Control vehicles on the maneuvering area.
- EO 201.3 Control aircraft on the maneuvering area.
- EO 201.4 Applying strategies to prevent runway incursions.
- EO 201.5 Transfer position responsibility.
- References: MATS 2.11 (2024-04-01), TC AIM RAC (2024-03-21), CARS (2023-06-21), Aviation Occurrence Reporting (AOR) Procedures (V19.0), Appendix 1: ATSI 2011-4, Appendix 2: SQUAWK 2016-1, Appendix 3: SQUAWK 2009-2, March UOM, IWP User Manual.
- Total Training Time: Theory: 6 hours, Skill: 2 hours.
- Training Aids: PowerPoint: BAC 201 Controlling on the Ground EN, BAC 201 Phraseology Lab Controlling on the Ground EN (optional), BAC 201 VRR Lab EN, CBT: Runway Protected Area – ATC, CBT: Tower Situational Awareness.
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Introduction:
- Link: Learned how to choose the appropriate runway; this lesson covers taxiing aircraft and moving vehicles in maneuvering areas.
- Aim: To safely control vehicles and aircraft on the ground, and strategies to avoid runway incursions.
- Motivation: Safe movement of aircraft and vehicles is a fundamental skill for airport controllers.
- Outline: Coordinated runway ownership, controlled vehicles and aircraft in the maneuvering area, strategies to prevent runway incursions, and transfer of position responsibilities.
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EO 201.1 Coordinate runway ownership:
- Positions and Roles: Airport controllers and ground controllers have separated duties for most small to midsize towers, Ground controllers manage the Maneuvering area, Inactive runways, Inactive taxiways, An inactive runway, An uncontrolled helipad, and the Apron. Tower positions manage active runways.
- Runway Ownership: Ground controllers "own" the maneuvering area, inactive runways, and inactive taxiways. Airport controllers "own" active runways. Runways belong to either the tower position or the ground position but never both at the same time.
- Coordination: Used when using a non-owned surface, this is a process called coordination. Runway ownership changes throughout the day.
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EO 201.2 Control vehicles on the maneuvering area:
- Establishing Contact: Radio checks are the first step for vehicle/aircraft to establish contact with Air Traffic Control (ATC). This is also done when radio equipment is installed/repaired or if a suspect that the system is defective.
- Readability Scale: A 1-5 scale for assessing radio readability: 1=unreadable 2=sometimes readable, 3=readable with difficulty, 4=readable 5=perfectly readable
- Unit Identification: Every vehicle has a call sign and a number, and these must be included in any communication for clarity
- Issuing/Receiving Instructions: Controllers must use precise and clear language and phraseology based on the MATS format to issue any instructions needed
- Unit identification and clarification requests: Controllers must provide their relevant unit identifier
- Radio Checks: When a vehicle/aircraft calls to verify radio is working, use a readability scale response
- Creating a VDE: How to create a vehicle data entry (VDE) in the IWP system
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EO 201.3 Control aircraft on the maneuvering area:
- Establishing Contact: Methods and procedures for contacting aircraft are established, and student pilots may require additional attention due to their less experienced status, so using clear and precise language is important.
- Aircraft Identification: Aircraft are identified by letters or numbers in air-ground and ground-ground communications.
- Abbreviations: Guidelines for when to use abbreviations, and situations where confusion is likely to arise from abbreviations.
- Civil Air Search and Rescue (SAR): Designators, call signs and methods for communicating about foreign aircraft and any priority status requests(e.g, MEDEVAC, rescue).
- Aircraft Repositioning (REPO): Creating a REPO FDE/VDE
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EO 201.4 Applying strategies to prevent runway incursions:
- Runway Incursions: Aircraft, vehicles, or pedestrians crossing or entering an active runway without permission.
- Strategies to prevent incursions: Use of aids in airport procedures, markings, signage and lighting are used to prevent runway incursions
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EO 201.5 Transfer position responsibility:
- Transfer of Position: Procedures for transferring operational responsibility between controllers, including clear communication and an agreed transfer checklist.
- Controller briefings: The controller to be relieved should monitor traffic in detail ensuring all issues or details have been discussed, and the relieving controller is ready to take over the position.
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Description
This lesson focuses on the fundamentals of ground control in an airport setting. Participants will learn how to coordinate runway ownership, control vehicles, and manage aircraft movement to prevent runway incursions. Emphasis is on practical skills and strategic responses in a simulated environment.
