Barbiturate Anesthetics: Methohexital and Thiopental

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism by which barbiturate anesthetics induce neuronal depression?

  • Inhibition of dopamine reuptake.
  • Decreasing the effects of GABA.
  • Blocking sodium channels in neurons.
  • Significantly increasing the effect of GABA. (correct)

In what scenario should barbiturates be administered following the listed cautions?

  • In any setting where rapid sedation is required.
  • During routine dental cleaning to minimize patient anxiety.
  • Only in a clinical setting with resuscitative drugs and ventilation equipment. (correct)
  • At home, for management of chronic insomnia under a doctor's supervision.

Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of barbiturate anesthetics?

  • Migraine headaches.
  • Hypersensitivity to barbiturates. (correct)
  • Diabetes.
  • Hypertension.

Why is the concurrent use of opioids and barbiturates considered a risk?

<p>Both substances are CNS depressants, increasing the risk of severe respiratory depression and other adverse effects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Methohexital and Thiopental, two types of barbiturates, are primarily used for what purpose?

<p>Inducing anesthesia and hypnosis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential adverse effect of barbiturate anesthetics poses the greatest immediate risk to a patient's well-being?

<p>CNS suppression and suppressed respirations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following conditions would the use of barbiturate anesthetics be most inappropriate?

<p>A patient with porphyria undergoing emergency surgery. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient is scheduled for a surgical procedure. They are currently taking medication for anxiety and occasionally consume alcohol to help them sleep. What should be considered?

<p>The combined effects of alcohol, anxiety medication, and barbiturates can synergistically increase CNS depression, requiring careful monitoring and dose adjustments during anesthesia. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient receiving a barbiturate anesthetic experiences hypotension and decreased pulse rate. What immediate action should be taken?

<p>Administer a vasopressor and increase IV fluids while reducing the dose, and continuing to monitor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides hypersensitivity, what condition is listed as a contraindication for barbiturate use?

<p>Porphyria. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Barbiturate Anesthetics Mechanism

Barbiturate anesthetics enhance the effects of GABA, leading to neuronal depression.

Barbiturate Anesthetics: Indications

Used with other agents for general anesthesia, to induce hypnosis, or as a sole agent for minimal pain procedures.

Examples of Barbiturate Anesthetics

Examples include Methohexital and Thiopental.

Barbiturate Anesthetics: Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to barbiturates, porphyria, pregnancy, and lactation.

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Barbiturate Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

CNS suppression, decreased pulse, hypotension, suppressed respirations, decreased GI activity, N/V after recovery

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Barbiturate Anesthetics: Caution

Should only be used in clinical setting with resuscitative drugs and equipment for ventilation including intubation.

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Barbiturate Anesthetics: Drug interactions

Concurrent use with CNS depressants, opioids, and alcohol can increase CNS depression.

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Study Notes

  • Barbiturate anesthetics significantly increase the effects of GABA, leading to neuronal depression

Names

  • Methohexital
  • Thiopental

Indications

  • Used with other agents for general anesthesia
  • Induces hypnosis
  • Using as a sole agent for procedures with minimal pain

Caution

  • Should only be used in a clinical setting
  • Should be used with resuscitative drugs and ventilation equipment, including intubation

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to barbiturates
  • Porphyria
  • Pregnancy and lactation

Adverse Effects

  • CNS suppression
  • Decreased pulse
  • Hypotension
  • Suppressed respirations
  • Decreased GI activity
  • Nausea and vomiting after recovery

Drug to Drug Interactions

  • CNS Suppressants
  • Opioids
  • Alcohol

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