Bangladesh PM's Visit to India
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Questions and Answers

What was significant about Bangladesh's Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's recent visit to India?

  • It was her first visit since 1971.
  • It was focused solely on the Teesta River dispute.
  • It resulted in immediate resolution of all disagreements.
  • It was the first bilateral state visit by a foreign leader after recent elections. (correct)

Which agreement emphasizes the economic collaboration between India and Bangladesh?

  • Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative Agreement
  • Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) (correct)
  • Land Boundary Agreement
  • Gandhi Peace Prize Agreement

What challenge exists in the relationship between India and Bangladesh?

  • Water-sharing disputes over rivers like the Teesta (correct)
  • Cultural celebrations between the two nations
  • No joint military initiatives
  • Absence of trade agreements

Which initiative seeks to enhance security and stability in the regional maritime domain?

<p>Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a highlight of the areas of political cooperation between India and Bangladesh?

<p>The Gandhi Peace Prize awarded to Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does India view Bangladesh within its strategic policy framework?

<p>As central to its Neighborhood First Policy and regional security (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What recent facility was launched to assist Bangladeshi nationals seeking medical treatment in India?

<p>e-Medical Visa Facility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the key achievements of the Land Boundary Agreement in 2015?

<p>Swapping disputed islands and allowing residents to choose their country (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the status of India's trade relationship with Bangladesh in South Asia?

<p>India is the largest trade partner of Bangladesh in Asia. (B), India is the second biggest trade partner of Bangladesh in Asia. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which major infrastructure project connects Sabroom in India with Ramgarh in Bangladesh?

<p>Maitri Setu Bridge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the India-Bangladesh Friendship Pipeline?

<p>To transport High-Speed Diesel to Bangladesh. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many common rivers do India and Bangladesh share?

<p>54 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which joint military exercise is conducted between India and Bangladesh's army?

<p>Exercise Sampriti (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which year did the Kolkata-Dhaka-Agartala Bus Service begin operations?

<p>2015 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a significant area of tension between India and Bangladesh?

<p>Transboundary river waters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Duty-Free Quota Access provided by India to Bangladesh exclude?

<p>Tobacco and Alcohol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led to the violent protests in Bangladesh?

<p>Reinstatement of a job quota for descendants of freedom fighters. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response of the government to the escalating protests?

<p>Imposition of a curfew and an internet shutdown. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group was specifically mentioned in relation to escalating tensions during the protests?

<p>Students of Bangladesh Chhatra League. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the High Court argue regarding freedom fighters and their progeny?

<p>They are among the most disadvantaged citizens. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant change made to the reservation policy in 2018?

<p>Scrapping of freedom fighter and other quotas. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic groups received job reservation quotas in Bangladesh?

<p>Freedom fighters, women, backward districts, and tribal communities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a notable action taken by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina concerning the quota system in 2009?

<p>Extend benefits to the grandchildren of freedom fighters. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What controversy surrounded Prime Minister Hasina's statements during the protests?

<p>They compared protesters to Razakars. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which natural disaster in 1970 significantly impacted relations between East and West Pakistan?

<p>Cyclone Bhola (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which political party emerged as the dominant force in East Pakistan following the 1970 elections?

<p>Awami League (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the guerrilla resistance group established by Bengalis during their struggle for independence?

<p>Mukti Bahini (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

On which date did India officially recognize Bangladesh as an independent nation?

<p>December 6, 1971 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many Pakistani troops approximately surrendered at the end of the conflict in Bangladesh?

<p>93,000 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the protests in Bangladesh related to government employment?

<p>Demand for the reinstatement of a 30% job quota for freedom fighters' descendants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's involvement in the Language Movement?

<p>He led the protests against the imposition of Urdu (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the High Court's ruling on June 5 regarding job quotas?

<p>It restored the 30% job quota for freedom fighters' descendants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina imply in her statement about the protesters?

<p>She equated them to the descendants of Razakars (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Razakar' historically refer to?

<p>Volunteers, often aligned with West Pakistani forces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the governing body of the ruling Awami League Party in Bangladesh during the protests?

<p>Bangladesh Chhatra League (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the political situation in East Pakistan prior to independence?

<p>It faced under-representation and budget disparities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethnic groups predominantly influenced West Pakistan's administration?

<p>Punjabi and Pashtun (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What estimated number of Bangladeshis were killed in the brutal campaign led by the Razakars during the 1971 conflict?

<p>3 million (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which militias were formed by the Pakistan Armed Forces to suppress civil liberties in East Pakistan?

<p>Razakars, Al-Badr, and Al-Shams (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which year did the Razakars in Hyderabad oppose integration with India post-1947?

<p>1948 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the founder of the Razakars that opposed India's integration?

<p>Bahadur Yar Jung (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action did the government take regarding Freedom Fighter quotas in 2009?

<p>Scrapping of the quota (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which significant event was related to Sheikh Mujibur Rahman presenting the 6-Point Movement?

<p>Language Movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main accusation in the Agartala Conspiracy Case against Mujibur Rahman?

<p>Sedition charges (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which language was declared the official language of Pakistan by Jinnah in 1948?

<p>Urdu (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

India-Bangladesh Relationship

A strong relationship between India and Bangladesh, built on historical ties, cooperation, and shared interests.

CEPA Negotiations (India-Bangladesh)

Discussions between India and Bangladesh to establish a comprehensive economic partnership.

Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI)

An initiative by India to ensure security and stability in the regional maritime domain.

e-Medical Visas

An online visa facility introduced for Bangladeshi citizens seeking medical care in India.

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Land Boundary Agreement (2015)

An agreement between India and Bangladesh that resolved disputed borders and allowed residents to choose their citizenship.

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Sheikh Hasina's Visit

Bangladesh Prime Minister's official visit to India.

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South Asian Neighbors

India and Bangladesh are geographically close countries in South Asia.

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Water Sharing Disputes

Conflicts over the distribution of shared river water, like the Teesta River, between India and Bangladesh.

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Bangladesh's Largest Export Destination

India is the largest destination for Bangladeshi exports within Asia.

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India-Bangladesh Trade in Rupees

Both countries have started trading using their respective currencies, the Indian Rupee and Bangladeshi Taka.

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Maitri Setu' Bridge

A 1.9 km bridge connecting Sabroom in India with Ramgarh in Bangladesh, enhancing connectivity and trade.

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India-Bangladesh Friendship Pipeline

The pipeline connects Siliguri in West Bengal to Parbatipur in Bangladesh, transporting 1 million metric tonnes of diesel annually.

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Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant

Bangladesh's first nuclear power reactor, jointly developed by Russia, Bangladesh, and India.

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Longest Land Boundary

The 4096.7 km border between India and Bangladesh is the longest land boundary India shares with any neighbor.

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Transboundary River Water Treaties

India and Bangladesh share 54 rivers, but only two treaties (Ganga and Kushiyara) regulate water sharing.

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Teesta River Water Dispute

A major point of contention between India and Bangladesh over the equitable distribution of Teesta River water.

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Bangladesh Protests

Widespread protests in Bangladesh against the reinstatement of a 30% job quota for descendants of freedom fighters, leading to violence and a government crackdown.

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Freedom Fighters' Quota

A policy in Bangladesh reserving 30% of government and semi-government jobs for descendants of freedom fighters who fought in the 1971 Liberation War.

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Sheikh Hasina's Role

The Prime Minister of Bangladesh who initially abolished the freedom fighter quota in 2018 but has since appealed the High Court's decision to reinstate it.

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Quota's Historical Context

The freedom fighter quota was initially established in 1972 and has been subject to various changes and implementations over the years, influenced by political events.

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High Court Ruling

A court ruling in Bangladesh that reinstated the freedom fighter quota in 2023, citing the continued disadvantaged status of freedom fighter descendants.

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Bangladesh's Reservation System

The system in Bangladesh includes various quotas for different groups, including women, backward districts, tribal communities, and persons with disabilities, in addition to the freedom fighter quota.

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Impact of the Protests

These protests have led to violence, deaths, and a government response with a curfew and internet shutdown, showcasing the unrest and its consequences.

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Supreme Court's Role

The Supreme Court of Bangladesh is scheduled to hear the case regarding the freedom fighter quota on August 7, 2023.

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Language Movement

A movement in East Pakistan demanding the right to use Bengali, not Urdu, as the official language.

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Sheikh Mujibur Rahman

The leader of the Language Movement in East Pakistan and the architect of Bangladesh's independence.

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Razakars

Volunteers who collaborated with Pakistani forces during the Bangladesh Liberation War.

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Freedom Fighters

People who fought for the liberation of Bangladesh from Pakistan in 1971.

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Quota for Freedom Fighters' Descendants

A policy that reserves a percentage of government jobs for the children of freedom fighters.

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30% Quota

The percentage of government jobs reserved for children of freedom fighters.

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Bangladesh Liberation War

The war fought between East Pakistan and West Pakistan in 1971, resulting in the creation of Bangladesh.

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Political Imbalance

The unequal power structure in pre-independence Pakistan, where East Pakistan had limited political influence.

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Cyclone Bhola

A devastating cyclone that struck East Pakistan in 1970, causing widespread destruction and loss of life, exacerbating tensions between East and West Pakistan.

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Awami League

The political party that secured a landslide victory in the 1970 elections in East Pakistan, advocating for autonomy and self-determination, which paved the way for the Bangladesh Liberation War.

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Bangladesh Flag

The national flag of Bangladesh was first raised on March 26, 1971, symbolizing the aspirations for independence and sovereignty of the newly formed nation.

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Mukti Bahini

The guerrilla resistance movement formed by Bengalis during the Bangladesh Liberation War against Pakistani forces, fighting for the independence of Bangladesh.

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Operation Searchlight

A military operation launched by the Pakistani army on December 3, 1971, targeting Bengali civilians and intellectuals in East Pakistan, marking the start of widespread violence and atrocities.

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Al-Badr and Al-Shams

Radical Islamist militias, along with the Razakars, that were formed by Pakistan and its allies in East Pakistan to suppress freedom fighters and terrorize civilians during the 1971 Liberation War.

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Genocide in Bangladesh

The systematic and violent act of killing Bengalis by Pakistani armed forces and their collaborators (Razakars, Al-Badr, Al-Shams) during the 1971 Liberation War. This included rape, torture, and forced deportations, marking a tragic period in Bangladesh's history.

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Jinnah's Language Declaration

In 1948, Mohammad Ali Jinnah declared Urdu as the official language of Pakistan, ignoring Bengali, the language spoken by the majority in East Pakistan. This fueled discontent and furthered the gap between East and West Pakistan.

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The Language Movement

A pro-Bengali language movement in East Pakistan in 1952, protesting against the imposition of Urdu as the official language. This event was a crucial step towards the struggle for Bangladesh's independence.

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Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's Six-Point Movement

In 1966, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman presented a six-point program demanding greater autonomy for East Pakistan within the framework of Pakistan. It was a crucial step in the movement for Bangladeshi independence.

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Agartala Conspiracy Case

A politically motivated case in 1968 against Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and other Bengali leaders, accusing them of attempting to secede from Pakistan. This further fueled the discontent in East Pakistan.

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Study Notes

Bangladesh Prime Minister's Visit to India

  • Sheikh Hasina, Bangladesh's Prime Minister, visited India for two days
  • This was the first bilateral state visit by a foreign leader since the Lok Sabha elections
  • India and Bangladesh share a close historical relationship, supported by the 2015 land border deal
  • Cooperation is crucial for their mutual economic benefit and regional security
  • Talks focused on a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA)
  • Both countries aim for a future-oriented partnership, aligning with "Viksit Bharat 2047" and "Smart Bangladesh Vision 2041"
  • India welcomed Bangladesh's decision to join the Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI). The IPOI aims to secure and stabilize the regional maritime domain
  • India announced an e-Medical Visa Facility for Bangladeshi nationals seeking medical treatment in India
  • The visit highlighted India's commitment to its neighborhood-first policy, Act East Policy, Vision SAGAR, and Indo-Pacific Vision, recognizing Bangladesh's central role in regional leadership

Areas of Cooperation

  • Political Cooperation: India and Bangladesh hold ongoing discussions of mutual interest, including a visit from the Indian Prime Minister regarding the golden jubilee celebrations of independence
  • Land Boundary Agreement: India and Bangladesh have already agreed to the 2015 agreement and subsequent modifications, which involved swapping disputed territorial lands.
  • Economic Cooperation: Bangladesh is the biggest trading partner of India in South Asia. India, in turn, is Bangladesh's largest export destination in Asia, with approximately $1.97 billion of exports to India.
  • Infrastructure Cooperation: Cooperation involves connecting infrastructure, such as an important rail link between Agartala and Ahaura, thereby connecting Bangladesh with North Eastern India. Other projects involve bridges, bus services, and port usage.
  • Energy Cooperation: A pipeline connects Siliguri (West Bengal, India) to Parbatipur (Bangladesh), facilitating energy transport.
  • Defense Cooperation: Both countries participate in joint military exercises, showcasing strong defense ties
  • Medical Cooperation: Bangladesh accounts for a significant portion of India's international medical patients and contributes to a large portion of Indian revenue generated by medical tourism.
  • Multilateral Cooperation: Both countries cooperate in multilateral forums, such as SAARC and BIMSTEC.

Areas of Tension

  • Sharing of Transboundary Rivers: Water disputes exist, with the Teesta River being a significant source of contention.
  • Deportation of Rohingyas: Both countries have mutual but conflicting interests in the deportation of Rohingya refugees to mainland Myanmar.
  • Cross-Border Terrorism: Cross-border terrorism and infiltration through the border pose a security risk for both countries.
  • Other Concerns: There are ongoing issues relating to internal security, including issues with drug trafficking, smuggling of goods, and illegal activities.
  • Economic Considerations: Economic disparities, uneven distribution of resources, and other economic issues can cause friction.
  • Cultural Differences: Distinctive cultural differences between the two countries may produce further areas of tension.

Practice Questions

  • Agreement: Negotiations are underway for a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement
  • Policy: Bangladesh is a key part of India's neighborhood-first policy
  • Border: A detailed land boundary deal already exists, with a specified border
  • Trade: Bangladesh is currently the largest trading partner for India in South Asia - the 2023/24 figures are at $1.97 billion
  • Rivers: There are 54 shared rivers between Bangladesh and India
  • Other Key points: Many other types of cooperation such as energy, defense, and political cooperation are actively in play.

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India-Bangladesh Relations PDF

Description

This quiz explores Sheikh Hasina's recent two-day visit to India, marking a significant bilateral engagement after the Lok Sabha elections. It delves into topics such as economic partnerships, regional security initiatives, and the historical ties between the two nations. Key focus areas include the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement and India's supportive policies.

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