Bangladesh Government and History

Bangladesh Government

• Bangladesh has a cabinet form of government known as the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.
• It is a democratic government elected by the people.
• The first government of Bangladesh was formed on 10 April 1971, also known as the Mujibnagar Government.

Sovereignty

• The state of Bangladesh possesses sovereign power, controlling all people and institutions within its territory.
• This power ensures Bangladesh remains free from the domination of other countries.
• Bangladesh has all characteristics of a state, including a large population, definite territory, democratic government, and sovereign power.

Citizenship

• The permanent residents of a state are called citizens.
• A citizen must be a permanent inhabitant and loyal to the state.
• Citizens have duties and responsibilities towards the state, as well as social and political rights.

Features of Citizenship

• Permanent membership in a state
• Allegiance to the state
• Performance of duties and responsibilities to the state
• Enjoyment of political and social rights from the state

Acquiring Citizenship

• Citizenship can be acquired by formal grant, fulfilling certain requirements.
• Jus Sanguinis: acquiring citizenship based on parents' citizenship in the state.
• Jus Soli: acquiring citizenship based on birth in a particular territory.

Citizenship and Identity

• Citizenship is identity-centered, based on shared identity and defining rights and responsibilities.
• Citizens of Bangladesh have the identity of Bangladesh and are known as Bangladeshi citizens.

Types of Governments

• Democracy: a form of government where supreme power is vested in the people, exercised directly or indirectly through representation.
• Republic: a form of government where the head of state is not a monarch, and the people hold power through elected representatives.
• Bangladesh is a republic because it is not headed by a king or queen, and the people elect their representatives to make decisions.