Ballistics and Projectile Motion

Which term refers to the science of the motion of a projectile and the conditions that affect its motion?

What is the forward motion of a bullet or shot out of a shell by the action of the expansive force of gases from a burning gunpowder called?

What is the action of a bullet passing through a rifled bore barrel firearm which is either twisted to the left or to the right called?

What is the action of a bullet once it hits an object or target and subsequently changes in motion called?

What is a generic term that refers to any metallic or non-metallic ball propelled from a firearm?