Balancing Chemical Equations: Aspirin Synthesis
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Questions and Answers

What is the total molecular weight of Aspartame (C14H18N2O5)?

  • 192g/mol
  • 190g/mol
  • 182g/mol
  • 180g/mol (correct)

    • What is the product of the reaction between Aspartame and water?

  • Salicylic acid, acetic anhydride, and phenylalanine
  • Aspartic acid, methanol, and phenylalanine (correct)
  • Phenylalanine, acetic anhydride, and water
  • Aspartic acid, salicylic acid, and methanol

    • How many grams of hydrogen are present in 378 g of Aspartame?

  • 36g
  • 16g
  • 18g (correct)
  • 8g

    • What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between Aspartame and water?

    <p>C14H18N2O5 + 2H2O → C4H7NO4 + CH3OH + C9H11NO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular formula of phenylalanine?

    <p>C9H11NO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of converting from grams to moles and then back to grams in the experiment?

    <p>To calculate the amount of reactants required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a tertiary alcohol?

    <p>The carbon where the -OH group is attached has no available hydrogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a secondary alcohol when treated with oxidizing agents?

    <p>It is converted into a ketone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when a tertiary alcohol is treated with oxidizing agents?

    <p>A ketone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can the carbonyl part of a ketone be found?

    <p>At any part of the chain, but not in the number 1 position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the hydrogen in a tertiary alcohol when it is treated with oxidizing agents?

    <p>It is removed and replaced by a formation of a carbonyl group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the carbon where the -OH group is attached in a secondary alcohol?

    <p>It has one available hydrogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the type of carbonyl-containing product formed from an alcohol?

    <p>The structure of the starting alcohol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a primary and a tertiary alcohol in terms of the carbon where the -OH group is attached?

    <p>The carbon is bonded to one carbon in a primary alcohol and three carbons in a tertiary alcohol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of carbon atoms in the reactant side of the equation?

    <p>11</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of oxygen atoms in the reactant side of the equation?

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular formula of Salicylic Acid?

    <p>C7H6O3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of hydrogen atoms in the product side of the equation?

    <p>12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the step to be taken first in balancing a chemical equation?

    <p>Write the number of atoms present in both sides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of computing the molecular weight of each molecule in balancing a chemical equation?

    <p>To determine if the number of atoms in both sides are equal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct molecular formula of Aspirin (ASA)?

    <p>C9H8O4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the step to be taken after checking if the chemical equation is balanced?

    <p>Balance the equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation state of Manganese in Potassium permanganate (KMNO4)?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation state of Manganese in the brown precipitate Manganese dioxide (MNO2)?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a natural flavor and aroma from Aldehydes?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation state of Manganese in the brown precipitate Manganese dioxide (MNO2)?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of compound are Aldehydes and Ketones?

    <p>Carbonyl compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the reduction of Potassium permanganate (KMNO4)?

    <p>Formation of Manganese dioxide (MNO2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating the percentage yield of a reaction?

    <p>Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield x 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of an -OH group attached to a benzene ring?

    <p>It is an aromatic compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of an alcohol where the -OH group is attached to a carbon atom with 2 available hydrogen atoms?

    <p>Primary alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the oxidation of a primary alcohol?

    <p>Aldehyde</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the compound with the molecular formula 1,2,3 – Propanetriol?

    <p>Glycerol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of an alcohol with three hydroxyl groups?

    <p>It is a trihydric alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation sequence of a primary alcohol?

    <p>Primary alcohol → Aldehyde → Carboxylic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of an -OH group attached to a saturated, alkane-like carbon atom?

    <p>It is an alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chemical Reactions and Equations

    • The reaction between Salicylic acid and Acetic anhydride produces Aspirin (ASA) and Acetic acid: C7H6O3 + C4H6O3 → C9H8O4 + C2H4O2
    • The reaction is balanced, meaning the number of atoms of each element is equal on both sides of the equation
    • To balance the equation, count the number of atoms of each element on both sides: C, H, O

    Molecular Weight and Moles

    • The molecular weight of a compound is the sum of the atomic weights of its atoms
    • To calculate the molecular weight, multiply the atomic weight of each element by the number of atoms of that element
    • The formula: g → moles → g (convert from grams to moles to grams)

    Chemical Reactions of Organic Compounds

    • Alcohols are compounds that have a -OH (hydroxyl) group bonded to a saturated, alkane-like carbon atom
    • Alcohols can be classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms bound to the carbon atom with the hydroxyl group
    • Primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes and then further oxidized to form carboxylic acid: 1°Alcohol → Aldehyde → Carboxylic acid
    • Secondary alcohols can be converted into ketones (RC=OR) on treatment with oxidizing agents: 2°Alcohol → Ketone

    Aldehydes and Ketones

    • Aldehydes and ketones are the two simplest families of carbonyl compounds
    • Aldehydes have a carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of the chain, while ketones have a carbonyl group in the middle of the chain
    • Examples of aldehydes and ketones include natural flavors and aromas, such as cinnamon, vanilla, and almond

    Oxidation Reactions

    • Oxidation reactions involve the removal of hydrogen and the formation of a carbonyl group
    • Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is a strong oxidizing agent that can be used to oxidize alcohols
    • The reaction between KMnO4 and an alcohol can produce a brown precipitate of Manganese dioxide (MnO2)

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    Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Organic Chemistry Lab - Week 1 PDF

    Description

    Verify if the given chemical equation for the synthesis of aspirin from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride is balanced. Count the number of atoms on both sides of the equation.

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