Bahasa Indonesia Grammar Quiz

Bahasa Indonesia Grammar

1. Sentence Structure

• Basic Word Order: Subject-Verb-Object (SVO)
  • Example: "Saya (I) makan (eat) nasi (rice)."
• Modifiers: Typically placed before the noun.
  • Example: "Buku baru" (new book).

2. Parts of Speech

• Nouns: Can be simple or derived (e.g., "mobil" - car, "mobilitas" - mobility).
• Pronouns:
  • Personal: saya (I), kamu (you), dia (he/she), mereka (they).
  • Possessive: saya (my), kamu (your), dia (his/her), mereka (their).
• Verbs: Conjugation is based on tense and aspect rather than subject.
  • Example: "makan" (to eat) remains "makan" in present, past, and future contexts.

3. Tenses

• Present: Simple form (Verb + object).
  • Example: "Dia membaca buku." (He/She reads a book.)
• Past: Use of "sudah" before the verb.
  • Example: "Dia sudah makan." (He/She has eaten.)
• Future: Use of "akan" before the verb.
  • Example: "Dia akan pergi." (He/She will go.)

4. Negation

• Basic Negation: Use "tidak" for verbs/adjectives, "bukan" for nouns.
  • Example: "Saya tidak suka" (I do not like) vs. "Ini bukan buku saya" (This is not my book).

5. Questions

• Yes/No Questions: Add "kah" at the end of the statement.
  • Example: "Kamu pergi, kah?" (Are you going?)
• Wh- Questions: Use question words such as "apa" (what), "siapa" (who), "di mana" (where).
  • Example: "Apa yang kamu lakukan?" (What are you doing?)

6. Articles

• Definite Article: "itu" (that, the).
  • Example: "Buku itu." (That book.)
• Indefinite Article: Often omitted; context indicates specificity.
  • Example: "Saya lihat buku." (I see a book.)

7. Plurals

• Plural Formation: Often indicated by repetition of the noun or context.
  • Example: "Anak-anak" (children) from "anak" (child).

8. Affixation

• Prefixes and Suffixes: Change meaning, form new words (e.g., "ber-" for verbs, "pem-" for nouns).
  • Example: "menulis" (to write) from "tulis" (write).

9. Adjectives

• Position: Generally follow the noun.
  • Example: "Mobil merah" (red car).
• Comparatives: Use "lebih" for "more" and "paling" for "most".
  • Example: "lebih baik" (better), "paling baik" (best).

10. Conjunctions

• Common Conjunctions: "dan" (and), "atau" (or), "tetapi" (but).
  • Example: "Saya suka kopi dan teh." (I like coffee and tea.)

Bangkeng da Afrika

• Yomo wo ekwa: Lembi a SVO (Subject-Verb-Object).
  • Besi: "Saya (I) makan (eat) nasi (rice)."

Njok mbok

• Mabanga: Ekwa le munga ne menda (e.g., "mobil" - car, "mobilitas" - mobility).
• Megwuk:
  • Persoan: saya (I), kamu (you), dia (he/she), mereka (they).
  • Mende: saya (my), kamu (your), dia (his/her), mereka (their).
• Manjok: Manda a mwanga ne wan mboka ne ikam ukum ne lavin ni.
  • Besi: "makan" (to eat) mone "makan" e bonga, ne luma, ne wunga.

Biha

• Bonga (Present): Forme bonga (Verb + object).
  • Besi: "Dia membaca buku." (He/She reads a book.)
• Fok (Past): Kedi "sudah" pee man koka.
  • Besi: "Dia sudah makan." (He/She has eaten.)
• Kukang (Future): Kedi "akan" pee man koka.
  • Besi: "Dia akan pergi." (He/She will go.)

Mangkek

• Mangkek Mbok: Kedi "tidak" pee man, "bukan" pee munga.
  • Besi: "Saya tidak suka" (I do not like) ne "Ini bukan buku saya" (This is not my book).

Bongbong

• Bongbang mbok: Kedi "kah" le nguba ne bo.
  • Besi: "Kamu pergi, kah?" (Are you going?)
• Wh- Bong: Kedi mbish ne buye "apa" (what), "siapa" (who), "di mana" (where).
  • Besi: "Apa yang kamu lakukan?" (What are you doing?)

Mendi

• Mendi a imeng: Kedi "itu" (that, the).
  • Besi: "Buku itu." (That book.)
• Mendi a ndik: Menda nebong; mwet fong she ne ikum.
  • Besi: "Saya lihat buku." (I see a book.)

Ndeben

• Ndeben i menda: Mbangge ne mwang kaya lo mbaka an menda.
  • Besi: "Anak-anak" (children) fu "anak" (child).

Ntem mbangi

• Ntem: Mber kede ne ijok, lo mwang newi vip (e.g., "ber-" pee man, "pem-" pee munga).
  • Besi: "menulis" (to write) fu "tulis" (write).

Manjok ne mfu

• Mfot: Mwana a yena pee munga.
  • Besi: "Mobil merah" (red car).
• Kumbang: Kedi "lebih" pee "more" ne "paling" pee "most".
  • Besi: "lebih baik" (better), "paling baik" (best).

Ngani

• Ngani bulu: "dan" (and), "atau" (or), "tetapi" (but).
  • Besi: "Saya suka kopi dan teh." (I like coffee and tea.)

Ordre des Mots

• Structure typique : Sujet-Verbe-Objet (SVO). Exemple : "Saya makan nasi" (Je mange du riz).

Noms

• Pas de distinctions de genre, contrairement à l'anglais.
• La pluralité est indiquée par répétition ou contexte. Exemple : "Buku" (livre), "Buku-buku" (livres).

Pronoms

• Pronoms sujets : saya (je), kamu (tu), dia (il/elle), mereka (ils).
• Les pronoms objets reflètent souvent les formes des pronoms sujets.

Verbes

• Pas de conjugaison pour les temps ; le contexte ou des marqueurs temporels indiquent le timing.
• Marqueurs temporels courants : "sudah" (déjà), "akan" (va), "sedang" (actuellement). Exemple : "Saya sudah makan" (J'ai mangé).

Adjectifs

• Suivent généralement les noms qu'ils décrivent.
• Peut être utilisé sous forme comparative en ajoutant "lebih" (plus) ou "paling" (le plus). Exemple : "Rumah besar" (grande maison), "Rumah yang lebih besar" (maison plus grande).

Temps

• Présent : contextuel ; pas de forme spécifique.
• Passé : souvent indiqué par "sudah".
• Futur : indiqué par "akan".

Prépositions

• Prépositions courantes : di (à/dans/sur), ke (vers), dari (de).
• Utilisées de manière similaire à l'anglais mais peuvent avoir des nuances différentes.

Articles

• Pas d'articles définis ou indéfinis ; le contexte offre une clarté.

Conjonctions

• Conjonctions courantes : dan (et), tetapi (mais), atau (ou).

Questions

• Formation par ajout de mots interrogatifs ou changement d'intonation.
• Mots interrogatifs courants : apa (quoi), siapa (qui), di mana (où), mengapa (pourquoi), bagaimana (comment).

Négation

• "Tidak" pour les verbes/adjectifs ; "bukan" pour les noms.
• Exemple : "Saya tidak suka" (Je n'aime pas), "Itu bukan buku" (Ce n'est pas un livre).

Affixes

• L'affixation est courante pour la formation des mots.
• Exemples : Me- (pour faire) : "makan" (manger), -kan (faire/causer) : "buka" (ouvrir) devient "bukakan" (ouvrir pour quelqu'un).

This quiz covers the essential aspects of Bahasa Indonesia grammar including sentence structure, parts of speech, tenses, and negation. Test your knowledge on common grammatical rules and improve your understanding of the language. Ideal for learners at various levels.