Bacteriology Quiz: Streptococcus and Enterococcus

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of Clostridium bacteria?

They are gram-negative bacilli.

They are acidophilic for vaginal acidity.

They are spore-forming and obligate anaerobic. (correct)

They are obligate aerobes.

Which bacteria is responsible for causing scarlet fever and rheumatic fever?

Streptococcus pyogenes (correct)

Enterococcus faecalis

Streptococcus pneumonia

Streptococcus agalactiae

What is the primary function of the enzyme Coagulase in Staphylococcus aureus?

To form a fibrin clot (correct)

To convert lipids into fatty acids

To catalyze the oxidation of glucose

To break down proteins into peptides

Which of the following bacteria is NOT a gram-positive cocci?

Neisseria meningitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of disease transmission for Neisseria meningitis?

Inhaling infected droplets Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is produced by Staphylococcus aureus to break down DNA?

Dnase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Mycobacterium bacteria?

They are obligate aerobes and use acid-fast stain. Signup and view all the answers

Which bacteria is responsible for causing neonatal pneumonia and meningitis?

Streptococcus agalactiae Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the growth of Clostridium bacteria?

They are obligate anaerobes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the exotoxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus?

To cause cell lysis Signup and view all the answers

What type of bacteria is characterized by its ability to form spores and produce a polypeptide?

Bacillus anthracis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of disease transmission for Neisseria gonorrheae?

Sexual transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the metabolism of Lactobacillus bacteria?

They are acidophilic Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Staphylococcus epidermidis?

They are negative for coagulase Signup and view all the answers

What type of bacteria is characterized by its ability to use acid-fast staining?

Mycobacterium Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of disease transmission for Streptococcus pneumoniae?

Inhaled infected droplets Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Gram Positive Cocci

Streptococcus: includes S. pneumonia, S. pyogenes, and S. agalactiae
- S. pneumonia: alpha hemolytic, capsulated, diplococci, and caused pneumonia
- S. pyogenes: beta hemolytic, causes toxic diseases (scarlet fever), supportive disease, and post-streptococcal sequences (rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis)
- S. agalactiae: causes neonatal pneumonia and meningitis
Viridian streptococci: flora of the mouth, causes ineffective endocarditis and dental caries
Enterococcus faecalis: flora of GIT, causes urinary tract infections, and is an aerotolerant aerobe

Staphylococcus

Staphylococcus aureus: cluster shaped, produces exotoxin, is coagulase and catalase positive, and causes supportive infections
- Toxins produced: epidermolytic toxin, enterotoxin, toxic shock syndrome toxin, and hemolysin
- Enzymes produced: coagulase, staphylokinase, catalase, DNase, lipase, and protease
- Toxigenic diseases: scalded skin syndrome, toxic shock syndrome, and food poisoning
Staphylococcus epidermidis/saprophyticus: negative coagulase

Gram Negative Cocci

Neisseria species: capnophilic
- Neisseria meningitidis: causes meningitis and is spread through infected droplets
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae: sexually transmitted, causes cervittis and ophthalmia neonatorum

Bacilli Bacteria

Gram Positive Bacilli

Clostridium: spore forming, obligate anaerobe (fermentation/anaerobic respiration)
- Clostridium tetani/botulinum: produce exotoxin
Lactobacillus: acidophilic for vaginal acidity
Mycobacterium: obligate aerobe, uses acid-fast stain
Bacillus anthracis: forms spores, from polypeptide
Corynebacterium: produces exotoxin

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Description

Test your knowledge of Gram positive cocci, including Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Enterococcus faecal. Explore their characteristics, diseases, and features.