32 Questions
What is the characteristic of Escherichia coli?
Gram-negative bacilli
Campylobacter spp. are able to use sugars either oxidatively or fermentatively.
False
What is the primary characteristic of Pseudomonas?
Strictly aerobic
Acinetobacter are characterized by being ______________.
non-motile
Match the following bacteria with their characteristics:
Escherichia coli = Gram-negative bacillus Campylobacter spp. = Microaerophilic and capnophilic Pseudomonas = Strictly aerobic Acinetobacter = Non-motile and capsulated
What is the main characteristic of Chryseobacterium?
Gram-negative rods
Proteus mirabilis is a Gram-positive bacillus.
False
What is the primary habitat of Proteus mirabilis?
Soil and water and part of the normal human intestinal flora
What is the characteristic of Haemophilus?
Gram-negative
Listeria spp. are obligate anaerobes.
False
What is the optimal growth temperature for Listeria monocytogenes?
35-37°C
Clostridium species are characterized by forming ______________________.
endospores
Match the following bacteria with their characteristics:
Haemophilus = Non-lactose fermenter and oxidase -ve Listeria = Motile, facultatively anaerobic Clostridium = Spore former, obligate anaerobe
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Haemophilus?
Motile
Clostridium species are oxygen tolerant.
False
Haemophilus Type B vaccine is abbreviated as ______________________.
HIB
What is the characteristic of Escherichia coli in terms of its ability to grow in different environments?
Facultative anaerobe
Campylobacter spp. are able to grow in the presence of normal oxygen levels.
False
What is the primary source of energy for Campylobacter spp.?
Amino acids
Pseudomonas is characterized by being ______________, with one or more polar flagella.
motile
Match the following bacteria with their characteristics:
Acinetobacter = Short bacilli in pairs Chryseobacterium = Yellow pigment on BA Pseudomonas = Motile by 1 or more polar flagella Proteus mirabilis = Highly motile and non-spore-forming
Chryseobacterium is a Gram-positive rod.
False
What is the primary habitat of Proteus mirabilis?
Soil and water
What is the primary disease caused by Proteus mirabilis?
Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
What is the shape of Haemophilus bacteria?
Pleomorphic small bacilli
Listeria spp. are obligate anaerobes.
False
What is the optimal growth temperature for Listeria monocytogenes?
35°C to 37°C
Clostridium species are characterized by forming _______________.
Endospores
Which of the following is a characteristic of Listeria monocytogenes?
Gram-positive
Match the following bacteria with their characteristics:
Haemophilus = Facultative anaerobe Listeria = Gram-positive Clostridium = Spore former
Clostridium species are oxygen tolerant.
False
What is the characteristic of Haemophilus that makes it super virulent?
Capsulated
Study Notes
Escherichia coli (E. coli)
- Gram-negative bacillus
- Motile and facultative anaerobe
- Non-lactose fermenter and urease-negative
- Oxidase and H2S-negative
Campylobacter spp.
- Gram-negative, slender, curved, or spiral-shaped rods
- Motile with single polar unsheathed flagellum
- Microaerophilic and capnophilic
- Grow at 42°C, adapted to chickens with higher body temperature
- Unable to use sugars, derive energy from amino acids
- Virulence factors: motility and heat-labile enterotoxin
Pseudomonas spp.
- Gram-negative rods
- Motile with polar flagella
- Non-spore former
- Strictly aerobic, oxidase-positive, and catalase-positive
Acinetobacter spp.
- Gram-negative short bacilli in pairs
- Non-motile, capsulated, and strictly aerobic
- Oxidase-negative and catalase-positive
Chryseobacterium spp.
- Gram-negative rods
- Non-motile, yellow pigment on blood agar (BA)
- Strictly aerobic, oxidase-positive, and catalase-positive
Proteus mirabilis
- Gram-negative bacillus, highly motile
- Facultative anaerobic, non-lactose fermenter, and oxidase-negative
- Urease-positive, causes urinary tract infections (UTIs)
Haemophilus spp.
- Gram-negative, pleomorphic small bacilli
- Non-motile, non-spore former, and encapsulated
- Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, oxidase-positive, and catalase-variable
- Capsulated forms are Type B, highly virulent, and prevented by HIB vaccine
Listeria spp.
- Gram-positive coccobacilli, motile at room temperature
- Non-spore former, facultatively anaerobic, and intra-cellular
- Oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, and β-haemolytic
- Grow optimally at 35-37°C, but also at 4°C
- Associated with unwashed lettuce, deli meats, and vulnerable individuals (e.g., pregnant women)
Clostridium spp.
- Gram-positive, straight or curved rods, forming chains
- Spore former, motile with peritrichous flagella
- Obligate anaerobes, saccharolytic, and proteolytic
- Catalase-negative, with some species oxygen-tolerant or dying in oxygen
Escherichia coli (E. coli)
- Gram-negative bacillus
- Motile and facultative anaerobe
- Non-lactose fermenter and urease-negative
- Oxidase and H2S-negative
Campylobacter spp.
- Gram-negative, slender, curved, or spiral-shaped rods
- Motile with single polar unsheathed flagellum
- Microaerophilic and capnophilic
- Grow at 42°C, adapted to chickens with higher body temperature
- Unable to use sugars, derive energy from amino acids
- Virulence factors: motility and heat-labile enterotoxin
Pseudomonas spp.
- Gram-negative rods
- Motile with polar flagella
- Non-spore former
- Strictly aerobic, oxidase-positive, and catalase-positive
Acinetobacter spp.
- Gram-negative short bacilli in pairs
- Non-motile, capsulated, and strictly aerobic
- Oxidase-negative and catalase-positive
Chryseobacterium spp.
- Gram-negative rods
- Non-motile, yellow pigment on blood agar (BA)
- Strictly aerobic, oxidase-positive, and catalase-positive
Proteus mirabilis
- Gram-negative bacillus, highly motile
- Facultative anaerobic, non-lactose fermenter, and oxidase-negative
- Urease-positive, causes urinary tract infections (UTIs)
Haemophilus spp.
- Gram-negative, pleomorphic small bacilli
- Non-motile, non-spore former, and encapsulated
- Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, oxidase-positive, and catalase-variable
- Capsulated forms are Type B, highly virulent, and prevented by HIB vaccine
Listeria spp.
- Gram-positive coccobacilli, motile at room temperature
- Non-spore former, facultatively anaerobic, and intra-cellular
- Oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, and β-haemolytic
- Grow optimally at 35-37°C, but also at 4°C
- Associated with unwashed lettuce, deli meats, and vulnerable individuals (e.g., pregnant women)
Clostridium spp.
- Gram-positive, straight or curved rods, forming chains
- Spore former, motile with peritrichous flagella
- Obligate anaerobes, saccharolytic, and proteolytic
- Catalase-negative, with some species oxygen-tolerant or dying in oxygen
Test your knowledge of the characteristics and properties of Escherichia coli and Campylobacter bacteria. Learn about their gram stain results, motility, and other key features.
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