Bacterial Sources of Infection and Detection Methods Quiz
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Bacterial Sources of Infection and Detection Methods Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does Brucella cause in ungulates?

  • Leptospirosis
  • Undulant fever
  • Spontaneous abortion (correct)
  • Rise and fall fever

    • Where can Brucella be caught from according to the text?

  • Livestock (correct)
  • Wild animals
  • Birds
  • Mosquitos

    • Which bacterium is responsible for recycling sulfur in the environment?

  • Zoogloeal
  • Brucella abortus
  • Thiobacillus (correct)
  • Sphaerotilus

    • What is a characteristic of Zoogloeal organisms mentioned in the text?

    <p>They sink in compact flocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class does the genus Burkholderia belong to?

    <p>Beta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the method used to identify bacteria in a sample without culturing them?

    <p>Flow Cytometry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the technique that compares DNA sequences of base pairs to identify bacteria?

    <p>DNA Sequencing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phylum contains over 2000 species of bacteria and is named after a Greek God?

    <p>Proteobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method by which some members of Proteobacteria obtain energy?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical property does Flow Cytometry detect in bacteria?

    <p>Electrical Charges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique led to significant advancements in identifying new bacterial species?

    <p>DNA Sequencing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genus of the bacteria that causes whooping cough?

    <p>Bordetella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common symptom of N. gonorrhea infection?

    <p>Painful urination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Bordetella pertussis affect the respiratory tract?

    <p>Causes paralysis of cilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacteria species can be spread from a mother to her baby during pregnancy, labor, or nursing?

    <p><em>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of Neisseria meningitidis infection?

    <p>Learning disabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Neisseria gonorrhoeae from other bacteria mentioned in the text?

    <p>It is treatable with penicillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the only way to differentiate between the serovars in Salmonella enterica infected warm-blooded animals?

    <p>By performing a serology test (antigen-antibody)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Salmonella typhimurium is true?

    <p>It is the cause of typhoid fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium can be easily spread and only requires a small amount to cause infection?

    <p>Shigella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of Shigella infection?

    <p>Watery diarrhea and vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Yersinia enterolitica typically found?

    <p>In domestic animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can Yersinia enterolitica infection be mistaken for in adults?

    <p>Appendicitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common disease caused by Streptococcus pyogenes?

    <p>Scarlet fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is associated with nosocomial infections like UTIs and wounds?

    <p>Enterococcus faecalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common source of antibiotics among Actinobacteria?

    <p>Fresh dirt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial species is responsible for causing foodborne illness that is particularly serious for pregnant women?

    <p>Listeria monocytogenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is characterized by being pleomorphic with no definitive shape and resembling fried egg colonies?

    <p>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of infections are commonly caused by Mycoplasma hominis?

    <p>Urogenital infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy for chemotrophs mentioned in the text?

    <p>Inorganic chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is responsible for causing cat scratch fever?

    <p>Bartonella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of the 1st step that Nitrobacter performs in the nitrogen cycle?

    <p>Ammonia (NH3) is oxidized into nitrite (NO2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial genus interferes with egg development in insects?

    <p>Rickettsia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of Agrobacterium inserting a plasmid into a plant?

    <p>Causes the plant to develop a tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Rhizobium in the symbiotic relationship with plants?

    <p>Converts ammonium to sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial family includes facultative anaerobes that can inhibit the intestinal tract and produce bacteriocins?

    <p>Enterobacteriaceae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacteria is considered the 'work horse of microbiology' and is an indicator of food and water contamination?

    <p>Escherichia coli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of syndrome can develop in individuals who consume the deadly strain 0157:H7 of a certain bacterium?

    <p>Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is commonly found in the intestinal tracts of animals, particularly cattle and poultry, and has many serovars?

    <p>Salmonella enterica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial genus includes species that are almost all pathogens and are common in the intestinal tracts of animals?

    <p>Salmonella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of infection can be caused by certain strains of Escherichia coli through the production of enterotoxins?

    <p>Gastrointestinal Infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Salmonella bongori is commonly found in which type of animals along with birds like chickens?

    <p><em>Reptiles</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of infection is Pseudomonas aeruginosa primarily known for causing?

    <p>Respiratory infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial genus is associated with causing sepsis in cattle and pneumonia in animals?

    <p>Pasteurella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disease can Campylobacter jejuni cause?

    <p>Gastrointestinal disease (food poisoning)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial order is known for its ability to break down various organic compounds including oil and plastic?

    <p>Pseudomonadales</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom associated with Haemophilus influenzae infection in kids?

    <p>Earaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial genus is responsible for causing spontaneous abortions in domestic animals?

    <p>Pasteurella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable characteristic of Helicobacter species mentioned in the text?

    <p>Shape resembling a comma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial class does the genus Campylobacter belong to?

    <p>&quot;Epsilon&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is known for causing foodborne illness that can be particularly serious for pregnant women?

    <p>Listeria monocytogenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is associated with causing mastitis in cattle?

    <p>Enterococcus faecalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial species is responsible for walking pneumonia?

    <p>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is known for being pleomorphic with no definitive shape and resembling fried egg colonies?

    <p>Mycoplasma hominis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial group is commonly found in root canal treated teeth and associated with nosocomial infections like UTIs?

    <p>Enterococcus faecalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Group B S.agalactia' is associated with causing which of the following?

    <p>Neonatal infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Streptomyces griseus' is responsible for the production of which antibiotic?

    <p>Streptomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Mycoplasma hominis' typically causes which type of infections?

    <p>Urogenital infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is associated with nerve damage in extremities in diabetics with uncontrolled sugar levels?

    <p>Clostridium difficile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is zoonotic, causing animals to become infected by breathing in or eating spores from contaminated soil, plants, or water?

    <p>Bacillus anthracis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is known for being an insecticide that is deadly to caterpillars but does not affect humans?

    <p>Bacillus thuringiensis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is characterized by being a facultative anaerobe, producing enterotoxins, and causing issues with injury from stubbed toes?

    <p>Clostridium difficile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is associated with sour foods like pickles and yogurt, is acidophilic, and lacks spores?

    <p>Lactobacillus acidophilus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium forms endospores, is commonly associated with nosocomial infections, and can be difficult to eradicate?

    <p>Clostridium difficile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Grape-like clusters of GRAM + COCCI" describes which bacterium that tolerates high osmotic environments, is normal flora of skin and nasal passages, and can be antibiotic-resistant?

    <p>Staphylococcus aureus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Toxins can cause diarrhea. Associated with cereal grains" refers to which bacterium?

    <p>Bacillus thuringiensis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Bacteria Classification and Characteristics

    • Pyogenes Aerotolerant: found on skin surface and in throat, produces hemolysins, toxins, and extracellular enzymes, causes parayngitis, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, necrotizing fascitis, strep, toxic shock syndrome, and bacteremia
    • S. agalactiae Facultative Anaerobe: found in digestive system and vagina, produces few if any virulent agents, causes mastitis in cattle, severe neonatal infections, UTI's, pneumonia, and endocarditis
    • Enterococcus: formerly group D strep, causes nosocomial infections like UTI's and wounds, found in root canal treated teeth
    • Listeria (L. monocytogenes): foodborne illness, very serious for pregnant women, causes spontaneous miscarriage, bacteria can survive refrigeration and freezing, avoid unpasteurized milk, raw dairy, soft cheese, hot dogs, deli meats
    • Mycoplasma: no cell wall, DNA related to Gram +, pleomorphic, sometimes filamentous, very small, look like fried egg colonies
      • M. pneumoniae: walking pneumonia, arthritis in goats
      • M. hominis: urogenital infections and causes complications of pregnancy

    Actinobacteria

    • Obligate aerobes, facultative anaerobes: filamentous soil organisms, fresh dirt smell, capable of nitrogen fixation, common source of antibiotics
    • Streptomyces: produces antibiotics
      • S. aurofaciens: produces chlortetracycline
      • S. rimosis: produces tetracycline
      • S. griseus: produces streptomycin
      • S. erythraeus: produces erythromycin

    Bacillus

    • Gram + rods, endospore forming, facultative anaerobes, non-motile
    • B. anthracis (anthrax): zoonose infection, animals become infected by breathing in or eating spores from contaminated soil, plants, or water, humans become infected through breathing in spores or getting spores in a cut or scrape
    • B. cereus: toxins can cause diarrhea, associated with cereal grains
    • B. thuringiensis (insecticide): doesn't affect humans, deadly to catepillars, good for tomato plants, toxin is a protein that we regularly extract the gene and put it in corn (GMO corn resistant to catepillars)

    Lactobacillus and Staphylococcus

    • Lactobacillus: no spores, aerotolerant anaerobe, acidophils, sour foods like pickles/yogurt
      • L. acidophilus: probiotic
    • Staphylococcus: grape-like clusters of Gram + COCCI, tolerates high osmotic environments (salt and sugar), normal flora of skin and nasal passages
      • S. aureus (antibiotic-resistant MRSA): can be a source of food contamination – toxins in food, opportunistic in wounds, nosocomial infections

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on bacterial sources of infection and detection methods. Learn about the phenomena where phages infect bacteria, causing a clearing of growth due to cell lysis, and how Flow Cytometry can be used to identify bacteria in a sample without culturing them. Explore the use of this method in body fluids analysis.

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