18 Questions
What is the main component of bacterial peptidoglycans?
Polymeric chains of amino sugars
Which process involves the formation of a huge three-dimensional structure in bacterial peptidoglycans?
Cross linking of individual peptidoglycan strands
What is the first step in the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan involving S. aureus?
Synthesis of N-acetyl muramyl pentapeptide
How is UDP-N-acetyl muramic acid synthesized from UDP-N-acetyl glucosamine?
Addition of PEP and reduction of pyruvyl group
Which process in peptidoglycan synthesis involves the addition of one residue at a time without mRNA templates and ribosomes?
Building the peptide chain
What provides specificity in the synthesis of N-acetyl muramyl pentapeptide?
Sequence shown in ATP dependent ligases
What are the three classes of N-linked glycoproteins mentioned in the text?
High mannose, complex oligosaccharide, and hybrid oligosaccharide
Which class of N-linked glycoproteins contains elements of both high mannose and complex chains?
Hybrid oligosaccharide
What type of sugars are found in the complex oligosaccharides of N-linked glycoproteins?
N-acetyl glucosamine, L-fucose, and NANA
What role do rigid cell walls play in bacteria?
Regulate osmotic pressure within the cell
Which component of bacterial cell walls gives bacteria their characteristic shapes?
Peptidoglycan
What defines a hybrid oligosaccharide in N-linked glycoproteins?
Contains elements of both high mannose and complex chains
What is the major difference in the cell wall structure between Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria?
Gram positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, while Gram negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer.
Which type of linkage connects the N-acetyl glucosamine and N-acetyl muramic acid in the bacterial cell wall polysaccharide chains?
β 1→4 linkages
How is the tetrapeptide attached to the lactic acid moiety of N-acetyl muramic acid in the bacterial cell wall structure?
Through a γ-carboxyl linkage
Which amino acids make up the tetrapeptide that is attached to the lactic acid moiety of N-acetyl muramic acid?
L-alanine, D-glutamate, L-lysine, D-alanine
How are adjacent polysaccharide chains linked together in the bacterial cell wall structure?
Through pentapeptide linkages
Which group is the glycine tetrapeptide attached to in the bacterial cell wall structure?
ε-amino group of each lysine residue
Test your knowledge on the biosynthesis of bacterial peptidoglycan, focusing on the polymeric chains of amino sugars and oligopeptide cross-linking. Learn about the three key steps involved in the synthesis process using S.aureus as an example.
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