Bacterial Pathogens and Human Diseases
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for meningitis?

  • Respiratory droplets (correct)
  • Skin contact
  • Insect bites
  • Contaminated food and water

Which bacterium is known for causing epidemic meningitis?

  • Streptococcus pyogenes
  • H.influenzae
  • S.pneumoniae
  • N.meningitidis (correct)

What is the primary goal of treatment for aseptic meningitis syndrome?

  • Rule out bacterial diagnosis (correct)
  • Administer a vaccine
  • Eliminate the underlying bacterial infection
  • Prescribe antibiotics prophylactically

Which of the following is a virulence factor of Streptococcus pyogenes?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of streptolysin O and S?

<p>Kill host leukocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vaccine has been shown to reduce the incidence of H.influenzae meningitis and pneumonia?

<p>Hib vaccine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Corynebacterium diphtheriae that makes it pathogenic?

<p>It produces an exotoxin that inhibits protein synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated annual mortality rate for H.influenzae and meningitis worldwide?

<p>3 million (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of prophylactic antibiotics in the treatment of N.meningitidis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for Diphtheria?

<p>Airborne transmission through nasopharyngeal secretions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the vaccine used to prevent Diphtheria?

<p>DPT or acellular DTap (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of group A β-hemolytic streptococci (GAS)?

<p>Virulence factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reservoir of Legionella pneumophila?

<p>Free-living amoebae and ciliated protozoa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended vaccination strategy for college students and others?

<p>N.meningitidis vaccine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Legionella pneumophila that makes it pathogenic?

<p>It produces a cytotoxic exoprotease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary diagnosis method for Legionnaires' Disease?

<p>Isolation of bacteria and immunodiagnostics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for Legionnaires' Disease?

<p>Symptomatic/supportive therapy and antibiotic therapy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Meningitis?

<p>Bacterial infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the bacteria that causes Meningitis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of diagnosing bacterial Meningitis?

<p>Gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of transmission for streptococcal pharyngitis?

<p>Droplets of saliva or nasal secretions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of antibiotic therapy in treating glomerulonephritis?

<p>To kill residual bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the type of hypersensitivity associated with glomerulonephritis?

<p>Type III hypersensitivity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the time frame for the development of poststreptococcal diseases such as glomerulonephritis and rheumatic fever?

<p>1-4 weeks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease that involves the heart valves, joints, subcutaneous tissues, and central nervous system?

<p>Rheumatic fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common tick-borne disease in the U.S.?

<p>Lyme disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease that is characterized by edema, fever, hypertension, and hematuria?

<p>Glomerulonephritis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of rapid diagnostic tests in the diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis?

<p>They are available and reliable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are antibiotics important for children with streptococcal pharyngitis?

<p>To prevent rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease that was historically important but is now rare?

<p>Plague (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission of Lyme disease?

<p>Through the bite of infected ticks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is responsible for causing peptic ulcer disease and gastritis?

<p>Helicobacter pylori (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated number of new cases of sexually transmitted diseases per year?

<p>300 million (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most frequently reported sexually transmitted bacterial disease?

<p>Chlamydia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of transmission of Plague?

<p>Through the bite of infected fleas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the species of bacteria that causes Syphilis?

<p>Treponema pallidum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the conjunctivitis of the newborn caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

<p>Ophthalmia neonatorum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of bacteria that causes Lyme disease?

<p>Gram-negative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the organ system primarily affected by Gonorrhea?

<p>Genitourinary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission of Chlamydia?

<p>Through anal, oral, and vaginal sex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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