Bacterial Morphology and Structure Quiz

<p>Their length being equal to width (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Streptobacilli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lacking a stable morphology due to cell wall deficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tetrads (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To impart shape and rigidity to the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peptidoglycan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Single-unit thick (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acting as a selective barrier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has a thicker peptidoglycan layer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To anchor the outer membrane to the peptidoglycan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>80 nm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Teichoic acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The protoplast may swell and burst (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transport nutrients into the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lipid bilayer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>N-acetyl glucosamine and N-acetyl muramic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chitin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blastospore (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coenocytic hyphae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mycelium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dimorphism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beta-glucans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basidiospore (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nutrient regulation and environmental protection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alterations in nutrients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Septate hyphae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Control of metabolite transport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slime layer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flagellins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transfer of DNA between cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hook (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polysaccharides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protection from phagocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adhesion to surfaces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Four rings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provides specific capsular antigens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Generation of ATP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flagella are used for motility, while fimbriae are not (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Size and sedimentation rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA compartmentalization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Storage of phosphate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mesosome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is haploid and circular. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Budding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can form both yeast and mycelial forms depending on temperature. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mycelium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Yeasts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mycology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vegetative mycelium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exist solely as multicellular organisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyphae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Spherical bacteria that can be found in pairs, chains, clusters, tetrads, or cubical packets.

Rod-shaped bacteria that can be arranged in chains or singly.

Curved or comma-shaped bacteria that are known for their characteristic vibratory motility.

Rigid spiral or helical bacteria often associated with movement.

Flexible spiral bacteria that have a corkscrew-like movement.

Bacteria that lack a rigid cell wall and can take on various shapes, often appearing as round or oval bodies.

The process by which bacteria divide into two identical daughter cells, resulting in different arrangements.

The outer layer of a bacteria, consisting of the cell wall and the plasma membrane.

The vegetative body of a fungus, ranging from single-celled yeasts to multicellular molds and mushrooms.

A strong, flexible polysaccharide found in the cell walls of fungi, composed of N-acetylglucosamine residues.

Single-celled fungi that reproduce asexually by budding or sexually through spore formation.

Long, branched, thread-like filaments of cells that make up the fungal body.

A tangled mass of hyphae, forming the main body of a fungus.

Hyphae without cross walls, allowing protoplasm to flow freely.

Hyphae with cross walls (septa), with holes for cytoplasmic flow.

Fungal spores formed through the fusion of cells and meiosis.

Fungal spores produced by mitosis, without the fusion of cells.

Fungi that can exist in two forms, depending on environmental conditions, such as yeast and mold.

The rigid outer layer of bacterial cells that provides shape, protection, and helps resist osmotic pressure.

A complex sugar molecule that forms the backbone of the bacterial cell wall, making it strong and rigid.

The process by which a bacterial cell bursts due to a weakened or ruptured cell wall, often caused by osmotic pressure changes.

A type of bacterial cell wall that is thicker and stronger, containing multiple layers of peptidoglycan and teichoic acids.

A type of bacterial cell wall that is thinner and less dense, containing a single layer of peptidoglycan and an outer membrane.

A group of negatively charged polymers found in the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria, contributing to their structural integrity.

A type of teichoic acid found in gram-positive bacteria, linked to the peptidoglycan layer.

A type of teichoic acid found in gram-positive bacteria, linked to the cell membrane.

A complex molecule that forms the outer layer of the gram-negative bacterial cell wall, acting as a protective barrier and contributing to pathogenicity.

A thin, flexible, and selectively permeable membrane that encloses the cytoplasm of a bacterial cell, controlling the passage of molecules in and out.

The fluid inside the bacterial cell, containing the genetic material, ribosomes, and other essential components.

Proteins that span the bacterial outer membrane, forming channels that allow passage of specific molecules like nutrients.

The space between the outer membrane and the plasma membrane in gram-negative bacteria, containing enzymes and transport proteins.

A gel-like substance found in the periplasmic space of gram-negative bacteria, containing degrading enzymes involved in nutrient breakdown and transport.

The structural component of LPS that anchors it to the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria.

The site for all protein synthesis in bacteria; these are slightly smaller than eukaryotic ribosomes and have a sedimentation rate of 70S.

Invaginations of the plasma membrane into the cytoplasm of bacteria; can be involved in DNA compartmentalization and respiration.

Storage bodies in bacteria that can vary depending on the nutrient availability and growth conditions.

A long, circular molecule of DNA found in bacteria; it is not associated with histones and replicates by simple fission.

Eukaryotic organisms that reproduce sexually and asexually, lack chlorophyll, and have absorptive nutrition.

Hyphae that extend above the mycelium and bear the reproductive structures.

Hyphae that penetrate the supporting medium and absorb nutrients from it.

The study of fungi.

A semipermeable barrier that controls the movement of molecules in and out of the bacterial cell.

Yeast-like fungi that grow partly as yeast and partly as elongated cells resembling hyphae.

A group of medically important molds, characterized by rarely septated hyphae.

The cytoplasmic membrane plays a crucial role in generating energy (ATP) for the cell.

A thick, protective layer outside the cytoplasmic membrane, providing structural support and resisting osmotic pressure.

The process by which a yeast cell develops a protuberance that grows and separates to create a new cell.

A sticky, protective layer that surrounds the cell, often composed of polysaccharides or polypeptides.

Capsules help bacteria evade the immune system by preventing phagocytosis, the process by which immune cells engulf and destroy bacteria.

Capsules help protect the bacterial cell wall from attack by substances like bacteriophages, lysozyme, and antibiotics.

Long, whip-like structures that allow bacteria to move.

Flagella consist of three parts: the filament, hook, and basal body.

Short, hair-like structures that help bacteria attach to surfaces.

Fimbriae can be classified into two types: ordinary fimbriae and sex pili.

Ordinary fimbriae help bacteria attach to surfaces, contributing to their ability to colonize environments.

Sex pili are involved in the transfer of genetic material between bacteria during conjugation.

The gel-like interior of a bacterial cell, containing ribosomes, enzymes, and other molecules involved in cellular processes.

Small, dense structures in the cytoplasm that are responsible for protein synthesis.

The single, circular chromosome of DNA found in bacteria, carrying the genetic information for the cell.