Bacterial Metabolism and Responses to Oxygen Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the stored form of electrons necessary for biosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation in bacteria?

  • ATP
  • ADP
  • NAD+
  • NADH+H+ (correct)
  • What did Robert Koch's postulates require regarding the presence of an organism in a disease?

  • Must be isolated from the infected host (correct)
  • Must not cause any disease symptoms
  • Must be absent in every case
  • Must be found only in healthy hosts
  • In bacterial metabolism, what does aerobic respiration produce that can be harmful?

  • NAD+
  • Peroxide and toxic oxygen radicals (correct)
  • ATP
  • ADP
  • What did Dr. Stanley Falkow propose as part of Molecular Koch's Postulates in the 80s?

    <p>Virulence gene is associated with microbe causing disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Robert Koch's postulates require regarding the reproduction of a specific disease?

    <p>Reproduction upon re-inoculation into healthy hosts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one characteristic response of bacteria to oxygen related to their ability to use O2 as a final acceptor?

    <p>Oxygen resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is most likely to infect the body through ingestion?

    <p>Yersinia enterocolitica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is commonly transmitted through sexual contact?

    <p>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is primarily associated with trauma-related infections?

    <p>Pseudomonas spp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is likely to cause infection following an arthropod bite?

    <p>Yersinia pestis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium contributes to microbial shedding according to the text?

    <p>Treponema pallidum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is specifically mentioned for its ability to produce virulence factors?

    <p>Clostridium botulinum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of endosporulation in bacteria?

    <p>To prepare for unfavorable environmental conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes bacterial cell division?

    <p>The process involves membrane attachment of the DNA to form septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of the death phase in bacterial growth?

    <p>Fraction of population loses viability at each time increment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genera of bacteria exclusively undergo endosporulation?

    <p>Bacillus and Clostridium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria is considered nutritionally fastidious?

    <p>Bacteria with extensive nutritional requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of a bacterium undergoing endosporulation?

    <p>Formation of a heat and chemical resistant cell type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of converting organic substrates in pathogenic bacteria?

    <p>To synthesize macromolecules required for cell growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of bacterial division does each daughter cell receive a complete copy of the genome?

    <p>Binary fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are nutrients considered essential for bacterial growth?

    <p>To maintain bacterial metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial process is always an asexual mode of reproduction?

    <p>Endosporulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria is able to grow with glucose as the sole carbon, energy, and electron source?

    <p>Saprophytic bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to some bacteria during the stationary phase?

    <p>They cease dividing but remain viable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bacterial product directly harms tissue or triggers destructive biological activities?

    <p>Exotoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of bacterial endotoxins is considered toxic?

    <p>Lipid A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria can produce endotoxin?

    <p>Only gram-negative bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the toxin gene encoded for toxins like the tetanus toxin of C.tetani and heat-labile [LT] and heat-stabile [ST] toxins of enterotoxigenic E.coli?

    <p>Plasmid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the disease for many bacteria, such as C.diphtheriae and C.tetani?

    <p>Exotoxin effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial structure results in weaker, endotoxin-like responses in gram-positive bacteria?

    <p>Lipoteichoic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

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