Bacterial Growth and Reproduction
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Questions and Answers

What is the main method of reproduction for bacteria?

  • Binary fission (correct)
  • Spore formation
  • Conjugation
  • Budding

    • Which of the following nutrients is NOT required for microbial growth?

  • Sulfur
  • Carbon
  • Phosphorus
  • Chlorine (correct)

    • At what pH range do most bacteria grow?

  • 13-14
  • 5-8 (correct)
  • 1-3
  • 10-12

    • Which type of bacteria requires oxygen to grow?

    <p>Aerobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an obligate aerobe bacterium?

    <p>Bacillus subtilis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organism does not require oxygen to sustain its metabolic processes?

    <p>Anaerobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria can tolerate the presence of oxygen but do not require it for growth?

    <p>Facultative anaerobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport reaction for obligate aerobes?

    <p>$O_2$ (Oxygen)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of organism requires oxygen to survive?

    <p>Obligate aerobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an anaerobic organism that can tolerate the presence of oxygen but does not require it for growth?

    <p>Aerotolerant anaerobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport reaction for obligate anaerobes?

    <p>Sulfur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria require low levels of oxygen for growth?

    <p>Facultative anaerobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process do bacteria use for reproduction?

    <p>Binary fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria requires oxygen to survive?

    <p>Aerobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of metabolic processes do anaerobic bacteria have?

    <p>Not coupled with oxygen consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temperature range for the optimum growth of mesophilic bacteria?

    <p>20-45 °C (68-113 °F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the upper temperature limit for thermophiles to grow?

    <p>60 °C (140 °F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature do psychrophiles grow?

    <p>Below 10 °C (50 °F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bacteria are largely responsible for infecting humans and animals?

    <p>Mesophiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the study of bacterial metabolism?

    <p>Substrate oxidations and assimilation reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reactions in bacteria generate energy?

    <p>Substrate oxidations and dissimilation reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme systems catalyze exergonic and endergonic reactions within bacterial cells?

    <p>Integrated enzyme systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the end result of bacterial metabolism?

    <p>Self-replication of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main substrate used for studying heterotrophic metabolism?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many ATP molecules are normally generated from the oxidation of 1 molecule of glucose?

    <p>38 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process yields approximately 380,000 calories per mole of glucose?

    <p>Respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria requires an organic compound as a terminal electron acceptor in fermentation?

    <p>Anaerobic bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the end product of lactic acid fermentation in some bacteria such as lactobacillus?

    <p>Ethanol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed from the anaerobic dissimilation of glucose in fermentations?

    <p>Simple organic end products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound is most commonly generated from the incomplete biologic oxidation process in fermentation?

    <p>Pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can acetaldehyde be reduced to by NADH + H+ during fermentation?

    <p>$\beta$-acetolactate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the end product of lactic acid fermentation?

    <p>Lactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required as a terminal electron acceptor in fermentation?

    <p>An organic compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of metabolism does respiration express?

    <p>Heterotrophic metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of bacterial growth does the cell number increase in a logarithmic fashion?

    <p>Exponential phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when one bacterial cell divides into two daughter cells?

    <p>Binary fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first thing that happens during the lag phase of bacterial growth?

    <p>Increase in cell mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marks the end of the log phase of bacterial growth?

    <p>Depletion of nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is synthesized by bacterial cells during the lag phase of growth?

    <p>Growth factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the bacterial growth curve involves the preparation for reproduction but no actual reproduction?

    <p>Lag phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the log (exponential) phase of bacterial growth?

    <p>Cell number increases in a logarithmic fashion</p> Signup and view all the answers

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