Bacterial Genetics and Metabolic Diversity

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are the monomer building blocks of DNA called?

  • Nucleosides
  • Deoxyribonucleotides (correct)
  • Deoxynucleosides
  • Ribonucleotides

How many nitrogenous bases are found in DNA?

  • Three
  • Four (correct)
  • Five
  • Six

What is the process of generating an identical set of genes during cell division called?

  • Transcription
  • Gene Expression
  • Translation
  • DNA Replication (correct)

Which enzyme can add free nucleotides to only the 3' end of the newly-forming DNA strand?

<p>DNA Polymerase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the complementary base pairs in DNA?

<p>A=T, G≡C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organism uses light as an energy source for growth?

<p>Phototrophs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical basis of energy production?

<p>Energy storage and release (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for organisms that can synthesize their own organic molecules from inorganic sources?

<p>Autotrophs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organisms obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic compounds?

<p>Chemolithotrophs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for bacteria that obtain energy from the oxidation of organic compounds?

<p>Chemoorganotrophs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which genetic information from DNA is copied into RNA called?

<p>Transcription (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes molecules that inhibit the growth or kill bacteria?

<p>Antibiotics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for copying the DNA and producing an RNA transcript?

<p>RNA polymerase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Ciprofloxacin in bacterial cells?

<p>It targets DNA gyrase to prevent cell division (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of transposons in bacterial genetics?

<p>They can 'jump' within the bacterial genome and carry antibiotic resistance genes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary target of Rifampicin among bacterial cellular processes?

<p>RNA polymerase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of plasmids in bacterial cells?

<p>They replicate independently and can carry antibiotic resistance genes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what process do DNA fragments get integrated into the host genome?

<p>Transformation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of tetracycline in bacterial cells?

<p>It inhibits ribosome function to halt protein synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of genetic transfer between bacterial cells that requires cell-to-cell contact?

<p>Conjugation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a codon?

<p>A set of three adjacent nucleotides encoding a particular amino acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common source of genetic variation in bacteria?

<p>Mutation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do some bacteria acquire DNA fragments directly from their environment?

<p>Transformation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are transposons capable of carrying within the bacterial genome or plasmids?

<p>Antibiotic resistance genes and enzymes for transposition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is targeted by Ciprofloxacin?

<p>DNA gyrase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do transposons often contain?

<p>Antibiotic resistance genes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme copies the DNA and produces an RNA transcript (mRNA) during gene expression?

<p>RNA polymerase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for circular extrachromosomal DNA that replicates independently and can move between cells?

<p>Plasmids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of DNA transfer between bacteria via infection with a bacteriophage called?

<p>Transduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of genetic exchange between bacterial cells requires cell-to-cell contact and can occur between different bacterial species?

<p>Conjugation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards are hidden until you start studying

Related Documents

MICR20010 Lecture 7 2023.pptx

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser