7 Questions
Which of the following is the causative agent of Staphylococcal Food Intoxication/Food Poisoning?
Staphylococcus aureus
Which of the following is the most common mode of transmission for Salmonellosis/Salmonella Gastroenteritis?
Consumption of contaminated food or water
What is the main virulence factor associated with Shigellosis/Bacillary Dysentery?
Invasion of colonic epithelial cells
Which of the following is the primary reservoir for Brucellosis/Undulant Fever?
Domestic animals (e.g., cattle, goats, sheep)
What is the main mode of transmission for Hepatitis A Viral Gastroenteritis?
Consumption of contaminated food or water
Which of the following is the primary reservoir for Giardiasis?
Humans
What is the main preventive measure for Prion Diseases?
Avoiding consumption of contaminated food
Study Notes
Bacterial Foodborne Illnesses
- Staphylococcal Food Intoxication: Caused by Staphylococcus aureus, which produces enterotoxins that cause vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps within 1-6 hours of consuming contaminated food.
- Botulism/Clostridium Botulism Intoxication: Caused by Clostridium botulinum, a Gram-positive bacterium that produces neurotoxins, causing symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, muscle weakness, and respiratory failure.
- Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea: Caused by Clostridium difficile, which produces toxins that cause diarrhea, colitis, and pseudomembranous colitis.
Zoonotic Bacterial Infections
- Salmonellosis/Salmonella Gastroenteritis: Caused by Salmonella spp., which causes diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps within 12-72 hours of consuming contaminated food and water.
- Typhoid Fever: Caused by Salmonella Typhi, which causes fever, headache, and abdominal pain within 1-3 weeks of consuming contaminated food and water.
- Shigellosis/Bacillary Dysentery: Caused by Shigella spp., which causes dysentery, diarrhea, and abdominal pain within 1-7 days of consuming contaminated food and water.
Viral Gastroenteritis
- Hepatitis A: Caused by Hepatitis A virus, which causes fever, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice within 15-50 days of consuming contaminated food and water.
- Viral Gastroenteritis/Stomach Flu: Caused by various viruses such as Norovirus, Rotavirus, and Adenovirus, which cause diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
Parasitic and Prion Diseases
- Giardiasis: Caused by Giardia lamblia, a protozoan parasite that causes diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and weight loss within 1-2 weeks of consuming contaminated water.
- Amoebiasis/Amoebic Dysentery: Caused by Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite that causes dysentery, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
- Beef Tapeworm Infection: Caused by Taenia saginata, a parasitic worm that causes intestinal obstruction, diarrhea, and weight loss.
- Prion Diseases: Caused by abnormally folded protein particles, which cause brain damage and neurodegenerative diseases such as Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
Test your knowledge on diseases like Staphylococcal Food Intoxication, Botulism, Salmonellosis, Typhoid Fever, and more. Explore causative agents, symptoms, transmission modes, preventive measures, treatments, and other related details.
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