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Questions and Answers
What is the term for bacteria taking up DNA from their environment?
What is the term for bacteria taking up DNA from their environment?
- Conjugation
- Replication
- Transformation (correct)
- Transduction
Transduction involves the transfer of DNA through direct contact between two bacteria.
Transduction involves the transfer of DNA through direct contact between two bacteria.
False (B)
What is the role of the plasmid during bacterial conjugation?
What is the role of the plasmid during bacterial conjugation?
The plasmid carries genes, such as those for antibiotic resistance, and is transferred from the donor to the recipient bacterium.
In conjugation, a ______ bridge forms to facilitate the transfer of plasmid DNA between bacteria.
In conjugation, a ______ bridge forms to facilitate the transfer of plasmid DNA between bacteria.
Match the following bacterial DNA exchange methods with their descriptions:
Match the following bacterial DNA exchange methods with their descriptions:
Which method of DNA exchange does NOT require a virus?
Which method of DNA exchange does NOT require a virus?
The recipient bacterium in conjugation already contains a plasmid before the transfer.
The recipient bacterium in conjugation already contains a plasmid before the transfer.
Name one advantage that plasmids can provide to bacteria.
Name one advantage that plasmids can provide to bacteria.
Flashcards
Transformation
Transformation
Bacteria take up DNA directly from their surroundings.
Transduction
Transduction
A virus transfers DNA from a donor bacterium to a recipient bacterium.
Conjugation
Conjugation
A plasmid, a small loop of DNA, is transferred between two bacteria that briefly connect.
Plasmid
Plasmid
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Donor Bacterium
Donor Bacterium
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Recipient Bacterium
Recipient Bacterium
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Conjugation Bridge
Conjugation Bridge
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Antibiotic Resistance Genes
Antibiotic Resistance Genes
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Study Notes
Bacterial DNA Exchange
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Bacteria acquire new genes through three methods: transformation, transduction, and conjugation.
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Transformation: Bacteria take up DNA from their environment.
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Transduction: Viruses transfer DNA between bacteria.
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Conjugation: A plasmid (small, circular DNA molecule) is transferred from one bacterium to another when the bacteria temporarily join.
Conjugation Process
- A donor bacterium transfers a plasmid to a recipient bacterium.
- A conjugation bridge forms between the bacteria.
- The plasmid is transferred across the bridge.
- The recipient bacterium now has the plasmid and its genes.
- The plasmid can contain genes for antibiotic resistance, imparting this trait to the recipient.
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