Bacterial Cytoplasm and Its Functions
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the bacterial capsule?

  • Aiding in protein synthesis
  • Serving as a site for active transport of nutrients
  • Storing excess metabolites as nutrient reserve
  • Determining virulence and protecting against phagocytosis (correct)
  • Which component of the bacterial cell wall consists of lipoproteins?

  • Outer membrane (correct)
  • Ribosomes
  • Plasmid
  • Capsule
  • What is the main function of the flagella in bacteria?

  • Providing motility (correct)
  • Aiding in active transport of nutrients
  • Secreting hydrolytic enzymes
  • Synthesizing proteins
  • Which bacterial structure secretes hydrolytic enzymes to degrade large organic polymers?

    <p>Cytoplasmic membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of ribosomes involved in protein synthesis in bacteria?

    <p>50 S and 30 S subunits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of permeases on the cytoplasmic membrane in bacteria?

    <p>Active transport of nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for the toxicity of Gram-negative bacteria, also known as endotoxin?

    <p>Lipid A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the outer leaflet forms pores in the outer membrane allowing diffusion of lower molecular weight compounds?

    <p>Porins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major surface antigen of Gram-negative bacteria which determines its antigenic specificity?

    <p>O-antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major surface antigen in Gram-positive bacteria that is not found in Gram-negative bacteria?

    <p>Teichoic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the cell wall accounts for high antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria?

    <p>Porins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the cell membrane is responsible for controlling the passage of nutrients into the cytoplasm?

    <p>Cytoplasmic membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major constituent of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria?

    <p>Peptidoglycan layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is a major surface antigen of Gram-positive bacteria?

    <p>Teichoic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stabilizes the outer membrane and fixes it to the peptidoglycan in Gram-negative bacteria?

    <p>Lipoprotein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria has a thinner peptidoglycan layer in its cell wall?

    <p>Gram-negative bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria?

    <p>Bilayer structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle in bacterial cells is responsible for protein synthesis?

    <p>Ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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