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Bacterial Cell Envelopes and Surface Structures Quiz

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Bacterial Cell Envelopes and Surface Structures Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria mostly comprised of?

Phospholipid

Peptidoglycan

Protein

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (correct)

Which component of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) anchors it in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria?

O-specific polysaccharide

Core polysaccharide

Phosphates

Lipid A (correct)

What confers a negative charge to Lipid A in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria?

O-specific polysaccharide

Hydrophobic tails

Core polysaccharide

Phosphates (correct)

What is another name for Lipid A, a prominent molecule in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria?

Endotoxin Signup and view all the answers

Which structure can be used to identify a bacterium?

O antigen Signup and view all the answers

What serves to connect the outer membrane to the cell wall in Gram-negative cells?

Braun’s lipoprotein Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of porins in the outer membrane?

Serve as channels for entrance/exit of small molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the periplasm in Gram-negative bacteria?

Buffer between environment and cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of S-layers in bacteria?

Can provide a periplasmic space or keep external proteins from accessing outer membrane or cell wall Signup and view all the answers

What are capsules and slime layers composed of?

Polysaccharides Signup and view all the answers

What are pili and fimbriae primarily composed of?

Protein Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of fimbriae?

Mediates attachment to a surface or another cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of conjugative pili?

Important for conjugation (transfer of genetic material between bacteria) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Braun’s lipoprotein in Gram-negative cells?

Connects the outer membrane to the cell wall Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the outer membrane in bacteria?

Acts as a barrier and soaks up or blocks access to many molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the periplasm in bacteria?

Contains many important proteins/functions such as detoxifying harmful compounds Signup and view all the answers