Bacteria Review: Enterobacteriaceae

A family of Gram-negative bacteria often found in the digestive system and various environments.

A common shape and characteristic of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria.

This enzyme breaks down hydrogen peroxide, a feature of Enterobacteriaceae.

Lacking the enzyme that uses oxygen to break down substrates.

A method of classifying Enterobacteriaceae bacteria based on their cell features and traits, specifically antigens.

A heat-stable antigen found on the surface of the bacteria.

A heat-labile flagellar antigen.

A heat-labile capsular antigen; present in some bacteria.

A microorganism that directly causes a variety of diarrheal diseases in humans and animals, often a major cause of death in young children.

A microorganism that usually doesn't cause diarrheal disease unless it enters a new environment, possibly causing serious infections outside its natural habitat.

Frequent, watery stools.

A disease starting with watery stools, followed by scant, bloody stools with mucus, pain, and fever.

An acute illness with fever, headache, abdominal pain, cramping, possible rash, and bacteremia (bacteria in the blood).

An infection caused by Salmonella bacteria, commonly resulting in gastroenteritis (inflammation of the stomach and intestines).

A specific type of Salmonella bacteria often associated with food poisoning and gastroenteritis, commonly found in poultry and eggs.

Another specific Salmonella type responsible for gastrointestinal infections, prevalent in eggs and poultry.

The time between exposure to Salmonella and the onset of symptoms, typically ranging from 12 to 48 hours.

Characteristic symptoms include low-grade fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea (usually non-bloody), and vomiting.

Vomiting

Poor nutrition, lack of sufficient calories for normal body function.

Lacking sufficient calories to support normal body function.

Death of children up to one year old.

Death of children up to age 12.

A significant species, both opportunistic and primary pathogen, part of normal intestinal flora.

An opportunistic E. coli strain causing diarrhea by attaching to the intestinal lining.

An opportunistic E. coli that causes childhood diarrhea by damaging the small intestine's microvilli.

An opportunistic E. coli causing traveler's diarrhea through its toxins affecting the small intestine.

An opportunistic E. coli that causes dysentery, invades the large intestine.

A Frank pathogen, causes hemorrhagic colitis, often leading to kidney problems.

A Frank pathogen, invasive, causing dysentery, easily transmitted, only reservoir is humans.

Frank pathogen, transmitted fecal-orally, common in birds/reptiles, with various virulence factors.

A serious illness caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria, usually spread through contaminated food or water. It leads to high fever, headache, and gastrointestinal issues.

The specific bacteria responsible for causing typhoid fever. It infects the human gut, causing a systemic infection.

Typhoid fever is spread through the ingestion of food or water contaminated with Salmonella typhi bacteria.

A genus of bacteria that includes both harmless and pathogenic species. Some Yersinia species cause severe illnesses like plague.

A species of Yersinia bacteria that can cause intestinal problems like diarrhea and abdominal pain.

A highly dangerous Yersinia species that causes bubonic and pneumonic plague. It is transmitted to humans from rodents through fleas.

A form of plague caused by Yersinia pestis, characterized by swollen lymph nodes, fever, and chills.

A highly contagious form of plague caused by Yersinia pestis, affecting the lungs and spreading through coughing.

A form of anthrax that enters the body through a skin wound, often caused by infected animal products like wool or hides. The wound develops a characteristic blackened, ulcerated sore.

A form of anthrax where bacteria multiply in the lymph nodes, causing swollen, painful lymph nodes called buboes, often affecting the neck, groin, or armpit.

A highly contagious and often fatal form of anthrax where bacteria infect the lungs, causing severe respiratory distress and pneumonia.

A living organism that transmits a pathogen from one host to another, typically through a bite or sting.

A microbe that typically doesn't cause disease in healthy individuals but can cause infections in people with weakened immune systems.

Microbes that naturally reside in a specific environment, like the gut, without causing harm.

A species of bacteria commonly found as part of the normal intestinal flora, but can cause infections in immunocompromised individuals.

A bacterium that causes nosocomial infections (hospital-acquired) in immunocompromised individuals, often leading to pneumonia, UTIs, and bacteremia.

Two common species of Enterobacter that can cause UTIs and respiratory infections. They don't cause diarrhea.

A bacterium known for its characteristic red pigment production, causing UTIs, respiratory infections, bacteremia, and septic arthritis.

A highly motile bacteria causing UTIs and wound infections. It's often found in people with chronic health problems.

A bacteria found in aquatic animals and reptiles, not typically found in humans but can cause gastroenteritis, wound infections, and bacteremia.

A bacterium that can cause diarrhea in children, but is not typically found in humans.

A bacterium that causes cholera, a severe diarrheal disease characterized by watery stools. It's often linked to contaminated water.

A bacterium that causes diarrhea, abdominal pain, and cramps. It's often found in unpasteurized dairy products.

A bacterium that causes gastric and duodenal ulcers. It's often found in unpasteurized dairy products and treated with antibiotics.