Bacteria Classification

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What is the basis of classifying bacteria into two groups?

Method of reproduction
Cell envelope differences and staining procedure (correct)
Type of glycocalyx
Cell shape

What is the function of mesosomes in bacterial cells?

Protein synthesis
Cell wall formation, DNA replication, and respiration (correct)
Waste removal
Photosynthesis

What is the function of the plasma membrane in bacterial cells?

To aid in the synthesis of ATP
To provide structural support
To store genetic material
To regulate what enters and leaves the cell (correct)

What is the term for the thick, tough glycocalyx found in some bacteria?

Capsule (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of flagella in bacterial cells?

To aid in motility (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the membranous extensions into the cytoplasm found in some prokaryotes?

Chromatophores (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells that is not found in other types of cells?

Compartmentalisation of cytoplasm through membrane-bound organelles (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of plant and animal cells that distinguishes them from other cells?

Organisation of genetic material into chromosomes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a structure found in animal cells that is absent in almost all plant cells?

Centriole (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the cell membrane that was studied in detail in the 1950s?

To regulate the movement of materials in and out of the cell (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic that distinguishes plant cells from animal cells?

Presence of a cell wall (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of compartmentalisation of cytoplasm through the presence of membrane-bound organelles?

Cellular compartmentalisation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cristae in the mitochondrion?

To increase the surface area (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mitochondria?

To produce cellular energy in the form of ATP (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the 'power houses' of the cell?

Mitochondria (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the mitochondrial matrix?

A dense homogeneous substance (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which mitochondria divide?

Fission (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of plastids?

To impart specific colors to the plant (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cilia in a cell?

To cause movement of the cell or the surrounding fluid (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that covers the core of a cilium or flagellum?

Plasma membrane (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of axonemal microtubules in a cilium or flagellum?

9+2 array (C) Signup and view all the answers

How many peripheral microtubules are present in the axoneme of a cilium or flagellum?

9 doublets (D) Signup and view all the answers

What connects the central tubules in the axoneme of a cilium or flagellum?

Interdoublet bridge (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic flagella?

Structural differences (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the centrioles in animal cells?

Formation of the spindle apparatus during cell division (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the plasma membrane?

Selectively permeable (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the chromatin network in the nucleus?

Storage of genetic material (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of microbodies?

Small membrane-bound vesicles with enzymes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Transport of molecules (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of plant cells?

Presence of a cell wall outside the cell membrane (D) Signup and view all the answers