Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following bacteria is associated with gastric cancer and gastritis?
Which of the following bacteria is associated with gastric cancer and gastritis?
Clostridium difficile is a non-pathogenic soil bacterium.
Clostridium difficile is a non-pathogenic soil bacterium.
False
What is the primary function of Bacillus thuringiensis?
What is the primary function of Bacillus thuringiensis?
Produces insecticidal toxin
Lactobacillus is involved in the process of ______________________________ fermentation.
Lactobacillus is involved in the process of ______________________________ fermentation.
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Match the following bacteria with their associated diseases:
Match the following bacteria with their associated diseases:
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What is the name of the bacterium that produces a neurotoxin used in Botox?
What is the name of the bacterium that produces a neurotoxin used in Botox?
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What triggers the sporulation process in Bacillus?
What triggers the sporulation process in Bacillus?
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The spore formed inside the mother cell is heat sensitive.
The spore formed inside the mother cell is heat sensitive.
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What is the name of the human pathogen that is a type of Mycobacterium?
What is the name of the human pathogen that is a type of Mycobacterium?
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The bacterium that causes anthrax is ______________________.
The bacterium that causes anthrax is ______________________.
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Match the following bacteria with their characteristics:
Match the following bacteria with their characteristics:
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What is the result of the sporulation process in Bacillus?
What is the result of the sporulation process in Bacillus?
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The spore formed inside the mother cell can germinate and become an actively growing cell.
The spore formed inside the mother cell can germinate and become an actively growing cell.
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How does Bacillus sense stress to initiate sporulation?
How does Bacillus sense stress to initiate sporulation?
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What is the genus of the bacterium that "breathes" metals, much like humans breathe oxygen?
What is the genus of the bacterium that "breathes" metals, much like humans breathe oxygen?
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Myxococcus, a gram-negative bacterium, has flagella for motility.
Myxococcus, a gram-negative bacterium, has flagella for motility.
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What is the function of fruiting bodies in Myxococcus?
What is the function of fruiting bodies in Myxococcus?
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The bacterium Shewanella can transfer electrons extracellularly onto certain _____________.
The bacterium Shewanella can transfer electrons extracellularly onto certain _____________.
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Match the following bacteria with their characteristics:
Match the following bacteria with their characteristics:
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What is the phylum that includes pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus?
What is the phylum that includes pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus?
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Shewanella is a gram-positive bacterium.
Shewanella is a gram-positive bacterium.
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What is the function of myxospores in Myxococcus?
What is the function of myxospores in Myxococcus?
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The phylum that includes only 2 genera of bacteria is _________________.
The phylum that includes only 2 genera of bacteria is _________________.
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What is the characteristic of Myxococcus that allows it to move?
What is the characteristic of Myxococcus that allows it to move?
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Study Notes
Bacteria and Human Health
- Campylobacter and Helicobacter are examples of "bad" bacteria that can cause diseases such as enteritis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, gastric cancer, gastritis, and peptic ulcer disease.
- Lactobacillus and Lactococcus are examples of "good" bacteria that are involved in lactic acid fermentation, and are found in cheese and yogurt.
Phylum Firmicutes: Spore Formers
- The phylum Firmicutes includes two major genera: Clostridium and Bacillus.
- Clostridium tetani causes tetanus, Clostridium botulinum causes botulism and produces a neurotoxin, and Clostridium difficile causes colitis and inflammation of the colon.
- Bacillus subtilis is a non-pathogenic soil bacterium.
- Bacillus thuringiensis produces an insecticidal toxin and is used in Bt corn.
Shewanella
- Shewanella is a gram-negative bacterium that can transfer electrons extracellularly onto certain metals, a process known as "breathing" metals.
- This process occurs at the anode (low O2) and cathode (high O2) of an electrical system.
Delta Proteobacteria
- The genus Myxococcus includes gram-negative, social, soil bacteria that attack other bacteria to swarm on the surface.
- Myxococcus bacteria have gliding motility and form fruiting bodies with dormant myxospores when nutrients are limited.
- When nutrients become available, myxospores germinate into vegetative cells.
Epsilon Proteobacteria
- Epsilon Proteobacteria are also known as Campylobacterota.
- This phylum includes pathogens such as Campylobacter and Helicobacter.
Phylum Firmicutes (Low G+C Gram+)
- This phylum includes pathogens such as Staphylococcus (MRSA) and Streptococcus.
- Only two genera of bacteria, Bacillus and Anthracis, have the ability to form spores.
- Anthracis causes anthrax.
Bacillus Sporulation
- Bacillus sporulation is a survival mechanism that occurs in response to a lack of nutrients.
- The process involves the formation of a spore inside a mother cell, which will eventually lyse and release the mature spore.
- The spore is dormant, heat and stress resistant, but can germinate and become an actively growing cell when nutrients become available.
- Bacillus senses stress to initiate sporulation through nutrient limitation.
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Description
This quiz tests your knowledge on bacteria such as Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Lactobacillus, and Lactococcus, and the diseases they cause including enteritis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, gastric cancer, gastritis, and peptic ulcer disease.
