Background to World War 1

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following was a major factor that led to the causes of World War 1?

  • Isolationism
  • Militarism (correct)
  • Pacifism
  • Neutrality

The arms race between Britain and Germany involved the construction of 'Dreadnought' battleships.

True (A)

What were the two main alliances formed in Europe before World War 1?

Triple Alliance and Triple Entente

Nationalism can lead to negative outcomes when it promotes the belief that one's own nation is __________ than others.

<p>better</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to World War 1 to their definitions:

<p>Militarism = Belief in strong armed forces Imperialism = Control over foreign territories Nationalism = Pride in one’s country Alliances = Agreements for mutual support during conflict</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the alliance system before World War 1?

<p>Increased tensions between countries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The scramble for Africa involved European nations competing to control territories primarily for military reasons.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Germany form alliances before World War 1?

<p>To protect itself from potential revenge from France.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event is considered the immediate spark that ignited World War 1?

<p>The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Austria-Hungary controlled Bosnia-Herzegovina before World War 1.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the assassin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?

<p>Gavrilo Princip</p> Signup and view all the answers

The three powerful empires involved in the Balkans before World War 1 were Austria-Hungary, the Russian Empire, and the __________.

<p>Ottoman Empire</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country supported the Serbs in their movement for independence?

<p>Russia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

<p>Militarism = The belief in building up strong armed forces to prepare for war Nationalism = Pride in one's nation and the desire for independence Imperialism = The policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization Alliance Systems = Formal agreements between countries to support each other in case of conflict</p> Signup and view all the answers

Serbia accepted all of Austria-Hungary's demands after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major event occurred on June 28, 1914?

<p>The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the War Guilt Clause have on Germany?

<p>It destroyed national pride. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

German Australians were accepted and given full rights after the outbreak of World War I.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What legislative action did the Australian government take against German Australians during WWI?

<p>War Precautions Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nearly _____ people were placed in internment camps in Australia during WWI.

<p>7000</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

<p>War Guilt Clause = A provision of the Treaty of Versailles that blamed Germany for the war Internment Camps = Facilities where perceived threats were detained during WWI Enemy Aliens = Individuals from countries at war with Australia Anti-German Propaganda = Media efforts to depict Germans negatively during the war</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a common reaction of the Australian public towards German-owned businesses during WWI?

<p>They boycotted them. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All German Australians were suspected of being spies at the outbreak of WWI.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one measure taken by the Australian government to control the lives of German Australians during WWI.

<p>Registration as enemy aliens</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Militarism

The belief in a strong military and armed forces, often leading to a build-up of arms and competition.

Alliances

Agreements between countries to support each other in times of war.

Imperialism

A country seeking control over other territories, often for economic or strategic reasons.

Nationalism

Strong pride and love for one's own country, which can sometimes lead to conflict with other nations.

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World War 1 Causes

A combination of factors like militarism, alliances, imperialism and nationalism, creating conflict between countries.

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Scramble for Africa

European countries competing for control of parts of Africa in the late 1800s and early 1900s.

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Triple Alliance

An alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, formed to prevent potential conflicts.

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Triple Entente

An alliance between France, Russia, and Great Britain in anticipation of potential conflicts.

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Balkan Instability

Political unrest in southeastern Europe before WWI, involving Austria-Hungary, Russia, and the Ottoman Empire.

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Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

The assassination of Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, sparked WWI.

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July Crisis

Period of diplomatic negotiations and escalating tensions following the Archduke's assassination, leading to war declarations.

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Austria-Hungary's demands on Serbia

Austria-Hungary issued demands to Serbia after the assassination that threatened Serbian independence.

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Russia and Serbia Alliance

Russia supported Serbia and was drawn into the conflict by being Serbia's ally.

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Bosnian Independence Movement

A desire for self-governance in Bosnia-Herzegovina fueled by a Serbian desire to unite Bosnia with Serbia.

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Austria-Hungary's annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina

Austria-Hungary taking control of Bosnia-Herzegovina in 1908

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War Guilt Clause impact on Germany

The clause in the Treaty of Versailles that blamed Germany for WWI, leading to economic hardship as they had to pay for rebuilding other nations.

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German resentment towards the Treaty

Germans felt unfairly punished for a war they didn't want, leading to support for extremist groups.

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Anti-German sentiment in Australia

Suspicion and hatred towards German Australians increased in Australia during WWI, because they were viewed as a threat.

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War Precautions Act (Australia)

Australian law that increased government control over German Australians during WWI, including registration and movement.

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Internment camps (WWI Australia)

Government-run camps used to hold people of enemy descent during WWI in Australia, due to their heritage.

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Australian government response to Germans

The government restricted German Australians' activities during WWI. This included closing schools, renaming towns, and restricting employment opportunities.

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Anti-German propaganda (Australia)

Negative propaganda to influence public opinion against Germans using posters and cartoons, fueling fear and anger.

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Study Notes

Background to World War 1

  • Franco-Prussian War (1870-71): Fought between France and Germany; Germany won and annexed territory.
  • Powerful alliances: Germany formed alliances with other European powers to secure its place in European politics. This resulted in two major alliances designed to prevent future war (balance of power politics).
  • Concept of balance of power politics: Preventing any one country from becoming too dominant through alliances.

Alliances before World War 1

  • Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy.
  • Triple Entente: France, Russia, the United Kingdom (a friendly understanding/agreement indicating a friendly relationship and mutual support).

Europe in the lead up to war

  • Peaceful facade (1901): Europe seemed peaceful with royal families marrying across the continent.
  • Tensions beneath the surface: Despite close relations, tensions and rivalries existed.
  • Industrial Revolution's effect: Europe was prosperous with advances in technology, healthcare, sanitation, and improved living standards.
  • Social and political tensions: Working-class families and women still lacked voting rights; governments feared political movements like socialism and anarchism.

Causes of World War 1 (MAIN)

  • Militarism: European nations competed to have the largest empires and armies. Britain had the largest navy.
  • Alliance System: Alliances created a chain reaction; if one country went to war, others were drawn in.
  • Imperialism: European nations competed for colonies in Africa and elsewhere leading to conflict.
  • Nationalism: Pride in one's country; can lead to conflict between nations.

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