Depression ch.8 mood disorders
24 Questions
3 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What role does the amygdala play in the process of stress responses?

  • It decreases overall brain activity.
  • It increases reactivity and dendrite branching. (correct)
  • It primarily affects memory recall.
  • It inhibits the release of norepinephrine.

What is the significance of the hippocampus in the context of depression?

  • Experiences deterioration under stress. (correct)
  • Increases memory recall.
  • Grows in size due to stress.
  • Enhances neurotransmitter balance.

Which neurotransmitter is considered essential for maintaining a balance in the brain according to the monoamine theory?

  • Glutamate
  • Serotonin (correct)
  • Oxytocin
  • Cortisol

What is a primary concern associated with MAO-inhibitors as a treatment for depression?

<p>They interact negatively with certain food types. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does chronic stress have on the HPA activation system?

<p>It builds a reactive activation system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following treatments is summarized as being effective for mild to moderate Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?

<p>Exercise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the efficacy of antidepressants is most accurate?

<p>Research trials often hide negative results. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a known side effect of Electroshock Therapy (ECT)?

<p>Confusion and short-term memory loss. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of hallucination is most commonly experienced by individuals with depression?

<p>Auditory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes chronic depression?

<p>Symptoms can last for at least two years with low severity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic has a higher prevalence of depression?

<p>Adolescent girls aged 12-24 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What biological factor contributes to the heritability of depression?

<p>Recurrent depression showing greater heritability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom or manifestation of depression?

<p>Seeing imaginary creatures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do interpersonal events play in depression?

<p>They can create stress leading to depressive symptoms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of neurological impact is important in understanding depression?

<p>Abnormal neurochemical processes can contribute to depression. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group experiences a higher overall rate of depression during adulthood?

<p>Women due to hormonal changes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant limitation of transmagnetic stimulation in treating depression?

<p>It has a high relapse rate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which interpersonal factors contribute to depression according to the content?

<p>Self-generated issues from relationship choices. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the psychodynamic approach mentioned, what is characteristic of depressed individuals' mentality?

<p>They exhibit self-aggression towards oneself. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive process involves making a negative assumption without evidence?

<p>Arbitrary inference. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What treatment method is deemed more effective than cognitive behavioral therapy for interpersonal issues?

<p>Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of having a depressed caregiver on children?

<p>Higher chance of divorce later in life. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive content reflects a person's belief that they should do things better than they currently do?

<p>Self-criticism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the behavioral models related to depression treatment?

<p>They rely on positive reinforcement from goal-directed activities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Impoverishment & Hallucinations

Impoverishment, or poverty, can sometimes be associated with relatively rare hallucinations, including visual, auditory, and gustatory experiences. Auditory hallucinations are the most common in this context, often involving commands to harm oneself or blame statements.

Chronic Depression

A chronic form of depression requiring fewer symptoms for diagnosis and characterized by symptoms that can persist for two years or more.

Double Depression

Double depression involves a combination of periods of depressive episodes lasting at least two weeks and persistent depressive disorder, also lasting two years or more.

Depression Prevalence

Depression affects a significant portion of the population, with an estimated 4-12% of adults experiencing it in their lifetime, and approximately 2.5% of children.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gender & Depression

Women are more likely to be diagnosed with depression in adulthood than men. Men may exhibit depression differently or struggle to get help as compared to women.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Depression Onset

Depression can appear as early as childhood, but ages 12-24 and 25 are more common periods of onset for depression, and the average age is 25. Rates of depression are also decreasing in younger girls.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Depression Triggers

Depression can have triggers that include interpersonal events that create stress, or an interpretation of these events, such as separation, death, or social exits.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Depression Treatment Ineffectiveness

Impairment from depression, in some cases, can lead to ineffective treatment and have higher rates of suicide.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Neurotransmitter Dysregulation

Imbalance in levels of neurotransmitters like norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine, potentially contributing to depression.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Monoamine Theory

A model suggesting that imbalances in monoamine neurotransmitters (norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine) play a significant role in depression.

Signup and view all the flashcards

HPA Axis Dysregulation

Overactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis due to chronic stress, which can contribute to depression.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Glutamate Circuits

Neurotransmitter circuits using glutamate, also involved in brain function (like memory) but can also contribute to depression when dysregulated.

Signup and view all the flashcards

BDNF

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, a protein important for neuron growth and health, whose levels can decrease in depression.

Signup and view all the flashcards

ECT (Electroconvulsive Therapy)

A treatment for severe depression that involves stimulating the brain with electrical impulses.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)

A type of antidepressant medication affecting neurotransmitter balance. However, they usually have many side effects.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Limited Effectiveness of Antidepressants

Antidepressants, despite their use, have not always proved as effective in trials as initially believed.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Transmagnetic Stimulation (TMS)

Uses magnetic coils to create electromagnetic pulses targeting brain areas. A treatment for depression, but not a permanent cure; temporary improvement, but high relapse rate.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

A more effective treatment for severe depression than TMS; considered more effective despite potential side effects.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT)

Targets individual problems in interpersonal interactions. Aims to improve relationships and social skills to treat depression.More effective for depression than CBT.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cognitive processes in depression

Depressed individuals tend to have negative thoughts and interpretations, such as self-criticism, negative social comparisons, and overly negative beliefs about self and the world. These are often learned dysfunctional patterns.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cognitive distortion: Arbitrary Inference

Drawing a negative conclusion without sufficient evidence or logical basis in the context of depression.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cognitive distortion: Overgeneralization

Extending negative experiences to unrelated situations or overgeneralizing from singular events in depression.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Psychodynamic approach (Depression)

Theories proposing that depression is linked to internal aggression towards loved ones, leading to self-blame and dissatisfaction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Social contributions to depression

Social factors like stressful events (interpersonal), self-generated problems, and intergenerational transmission (family patterns) contribute to depression risk.

Signup and view all the flashcards

More Like This

Mental Health Ch.16
30 questions

Mental Health Ch.16

AmicableVitality avatar
AmicableVitality
Gr 11 History Ch 2: The Wall Street crash of 1929
42 questions

Gr 11 History Ch 2: The Wall Street crash of 1929

GreatestTiger avatar
GreatestTiger
AJ: CH 25 The Great Depression and the New Deal
26 questions

AJ: CH 25 The Great Depression and the New Deal

VeritableSparkle avatar
VeritableSparkle
Depressive Disorder, Ch 16
99 questions

Depressive Disorder, Ch 16

QualifiedMint avatar
QualifiedMint
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser