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Questions and Answers
When examining the eye, if the patients eyelid margins approximate completely, what does this assessment finding indicate?
When examining the eye, if the patients eyelid margins approximate completely, what does this assessment finding indicate?
- May indicate a problem with extraocular muscles.
- Indicates increased intraocular pressure.
- It is expected. (correct)
- May result in problems with tearing.
During ocular examinations, how is movement of the extraocular muscles stimulated?
During ocular examinations, how is movement of the extraocular muscles stimulated?
- Stimulated by CNs III, IV, and VI. (correct)
- Impaired in a patient with cataracts.
- Decreased in the older adult.
- Stimulated by cranial nerves (CNs) I and II.
When performing an external eye examination, which statement regarding the outer layer of the eye is true?
When performing an external eye examination, which statement regarding the outer layer of the eye is true?
- The outer layer of the eye is insensitive to light.
- The outer layer of the eye is very sensitive to touch. (correct)
- The trigeminal nerve (CN V) and the trochlear nerve (CN IV) are stimulated when the outer surface is.
- The outer layer of the eye is darkly pigmented to prevent light from reflecting internally.
What does a visual acuity of 20/30 on the Snellen chart indicate?
What does a visual acuity of 20/30 on the Snellen chart indicate?
What does a visual acuity of 20/80 in each eye indicate?
What does a visual acuity of 20/80 in each eye indicate?
What is the purpose of shortening the distance when a patient is unable to read the largest letters on the Snellen chart?
What is the purpose of shortening the distance when a patient is unable to read the largest letters on the Snellen chart?
What is a normal finding for the diagnostic positions test?
What is a normal finding for the diagnostic positions test?
What may be observed in the sclera of dark-skinned people as an expected finding during an assessment?
What may be observed in the sclera of dark-skinned people as an expected finding during an assessment?
How should the reflection of light on the corneas appear?
How should the reflection of light on the corneas appear?
How should the nurse check for ptosis of one eye?
How should the nurse check for ptosis of one eye?
What is the potential significance of floaters or spots moving in front of the eyes?
What is the potential significance of floaters or spots moving in front of the eyes?
What is the most accurate measure of visual acuity?
What is the most accurate measure of visual acuity?
What does the top number in a visual acuity measurement indicate?
What does the top number in a visual acuity measurement indicate?
What may periorbital edema indicate?
What may periorbital edema indicate?
What does assessing for shadows when light is directed across the iris indicate?
What does assessing for shadows when light is directed across the iris indicate?
What does anisocoria indicate?
What does anisocoria indicate?
What may indicate signs of retinal detachment?
What may indicate signs of retinal detachment?
What is indicative of a hordeolum (stye)?
What is indicative of a hordeolum (stye)?
What does loss of central vision but normal peripheral vision suggest?
What does loss of central vision but normal peripheral vision suggest?
What does corneal abrasion cause in reflected light?
What does corneal abrasion cause in reflected light?
What should pupillary constriction be in older adults?
What should pupillary constriction be in older adults?
Is periorbital edema associated with blepharitis?
Is periorbital edema associated with blepharitis?
What may the presence of shadows in the anterior chamber be a sign of?
What may the presence of shadows in the anterior chamber be a sign of?
What is anisocoria characterized by?
What is anisocoria characterized by?
When assessing the lacrimal apparatus, which of the following is a normal finding?
When assessing the lacrimal apparatus, which of the following is a normal finding?
When examining a patient's retina with an ophthalmoscope, what color should the optic disc be?
When examining a patient's retina with an ophthalmoscope, what color should the optic disc be?
At what age can an infant fixate on an object?
At what age can an infant fixate on an object?
When is color vision tested in boys using the Ishihara test?
When is color vision tested in boys using the Ishihara test?
How is testing for strabismus done?
How is testing for strabismus done?
What is a normal reflection of the ophthalmoscope light off the inner retina?
What is a normal reflection of the ophthalmoscope light off the inner retina?
What is a normal finding for the accommodation response?
What is a normal finding for the accommodation response?
How should the nurse assess for ptosis?
How should the nurse assess for ptosis?
What should the nurse observe when assessing the pupillary light reflex?
What should the nurse observe when assessing the pupillary light reflex?
What should the nurse consider when examining an 80-year-old patient?
What should the nurse consider when examining an 80-year-old patient?
What is the purpose of the corneal light reflex test?
What is the purpose of the corneal light reflex test?
What is the normal response when examining the diagnostic positions test?
What is the normal response when examining the diagnostic positions test?
What is the main function of the retina?
What is the main function of the retina?
Which nerve stimulation occurs when the outer eye surface is stimulated?
Which nerve stimulation occurs when the outer eye surface is stimulated?
What is the main determinant of intraocular pressure?
What is the main determinant of intraocular pressure?
What is the normal response of the pupil to stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system?
What is the normal response of the pupil to stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system?
What is the phenomenon of visual accommodation?
What is the phenomenon of visual accommodation?
At what age should infants establish binocularity and fixate simultaneously on a single image with both eyes?
At what age should infants establish binocularity and fixate simultaneously on a single image with both eyes?
What is responsible for decreased near vision abilities in presbyopia?
What is responsible for decreased near vision abilities in presbyopia?
What occurs when bright light shines on the retina?
What occurs when bright light shines on the retina?
What is the role of the choroid in the eye?
What is the role of the choroid in the eye?
What is the effect of stimulation of the trigeminal nerve and facial nerve?
What is the effect of stimulation of the trigeminal nerve and facial nerve?
What is the image formed on the retina?
What is the image formed on the retina?
What is the function of the outer layer of the eye, including the cornea and sclera?
What is the function of the outer layer of the eye, including the cornea and sclera?
Which layer of the eye has pigmentation to prevent internal light reflection?
Which layer of the eye has pigmentation to prevent internal light reflection?
Which nerve is stimulated when the outer eye surface is stimulated?
Which nerve is stimulated when the outer eye surface is stimulated?
What causes pupil dilation and eyelid elevation?
What causes pupil dilation and eyelid elevation?
What determines intraocular pressure?
What determines intraocular pressure?
What is the normal response of the pupils when bright light shines on the retina?
What is the normal response of the pupils when bright light shines on the retina?
What is responsible for decreased near vision abilities in presbyopia?
What is responsible for decreased near vision abilities in presbyopia?
Which layer of the eye changes light waves into nerve impulses?
Which layer of the eye changes light waves into nerve impulses?
What is the function of visual accommodation?
What is the function of visual accommodation?
At what age should infants establish binocularity and fixate simultaneously on a single image with both eyes?
At what age should infants establish binocularity and fixate simultaneously on a single image with both eyes?
Which nerve is responsible for stimulating pupil constriction when looking at a near object?
Which nerve is responsible for stimulating pupil constriction when looking at a near object?
What is the image formed on the retina in relation to its actual appearance?
What is the image formed on the retina in relation to its actual appearance?
Which part of the eye is touch-sensitive?
Which part of the eye is touch-sensitive?
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Study Notes
Eye Anatomy and Physiology Summary
- The eye's visual receptive layer changes light waves into nerve impulses
- The outer layer is made up of the cornea and sclera, with the cornea being touch-sensitive
- The middle layer, choroid, has pigmentation to prevent internal light reflection
- Stimulation of trigeminal nerve (CN V) and facial nerve (CN VII) occurs when the outer eye surface is stimulated
- The retina, in the inner layer, changes light waves into nerve impulses
- Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system causes pupil dilation and eyelid elevation
- Intraocular pressure is determined by the amount of aqueous produced and resistance to its outflow
- The image formed on the retina is upside down and reversed from its actual appearance
- Visual accommodation refers to pupillary constriction when looking at a near object
- Pupillary light reflex is the normal constriction of pupils when bright light shines on the retina
- By 3-4 months, infants should establish binocularity and fixate simultaneously on a single image with both eyes
- Presbyopia, a condition where the lens loses elasticity, is responsible for decreased near vision abilities
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