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Axonal Transport and Associated Disorders

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Axonal Transport and Associated Disorders

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Questions and Answers

What is the analogy used to describe slow transport?

Driving on an interstate highway

Driving through a tunnel

Riding a bike through a park

Walking on a busy street (correct)

What are the cells called that meet at the region known as a synapse?

Postsynaptic cells

Post-apocalyptic cells

Preventative cells

Presynaptic cells (correct)

What type of diseases are scientists investigating for a potential link to defective axonal transport?

Autoimmune diseases

Cardiovascular diseases

Neurodegenerative diseases (correct)

Infectious diseases

What is the narrow space between two cells at a synapse called?

Synaptic cleft Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the inactivation gate in axonal Na+ channels?

To prevent the escalating depolarization of the cell Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the slower inactivation gate in the Na+ channels finally closes?

Na+ influx stops and the action potential peaks Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the double-gating mechanism in axonal voltage-gated Na+ channels?

To allow electrical signals to be conducted in only one direction Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the refractory period in neurons?

It ensures that once an action potential has begun, a second action potential cannot be triggered for about 1–2 msec Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the area of a circle?

A = pi * radius^2 Signup and view all the answers

Why are squid, earthworms, and fish mentioned in the context of axon diameter and speed of conduction?

To provide examples of organisms with giant axons used for rapid escape responses Signup and view all the answers

How do complex nervous systems pack more axons into a small nerve?

By using smaller-diameter axons wrapped in insulating membranes of myelin Signup and view all the answers

Why is the conduction of action potentials faster in myelinated axons?

Because myelinated axons have high-resistance membranes to minimize current leak Signup and view all the answers