Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the shape of the axilla?
What is the shape of the axilla?
Which muscles form the anterior wall of the axilla?
Which muscles form the anterior wall of the axilla?
Which structures are related to the lateral wall of the axilla?
Which structures are related to the lateral wall of the axilla?
What forms the base (floor) of the axilla?
What forms the base (floor) of the axilla?
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What is the connection between the posterior triangle of the neck and the axilla?
What is the connection between the posterior triangle of the neck and the axilla?
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Study Notes
Axillary (Circumflex) Nerve
- Originates from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus, behind the 3rd part of the axillary artery (C5&6)
- Course: Leaves axilla in the quadrangular space, accompanied by the posterior circumflex humeral artery, and turns around the back of the surgical neck of the humerus
- Ends: Deep to the deltoid
- Branches:
- Articular: Supplies the shoulder joint
- Muscular: Supplies the deltoid and teres minor
- Cutaneous: Upper lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm, supplies the skin on the lower 1/2 of the deltoid
Axillary Nerve Injury
- Causes: Dislocation of the shoulder joint, fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus
- Results:
- Sensory loss: Loss of sensation from the skin covering the lower half of the deltoid
- Motor loss: Paralysis of the teres minor and deltoid, resulting in loss of abduction of the shoulder joint from 15 to 90 degrees, and a flat shoulder
Suprascapular Nerve
- Origin: Upper trunk of the brachial plexus, behind the 3rd part of the axillary artery (C5,6)
- Course: Passes through the suprascapular foramen, deep to the supraspinatus, and then through the spinoglenoid notch with the suprascapular artery
- Ends: Deep to the infraspinatus
- Branches:
- Articular: Supplies the shoulder joint and acromioclavicular joint
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Description
Test your knowledge of the origin, course, and branches of the axillary nerve, as well as the potential causes of injury. Learn about its relation to the shoulder joint, deltoid muscle, and teres minor.
