AWS Analytics Workloads: Well-Architected Framework

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Questions and Answers

Which AWS Well-Architected Framework pillar focuses on the ability to run and manage infrastructure as code, automate responses to events, and use data to drive improvements?

  • Cost Optimization
  • Reliability
  • Operational Excellence (correct)
  • Performance Efficiency

Which AWS Well-Architected Framework Lens provides guidance specifically for designing analytics workloads?

  • Security Lens
  • Operational Lens
  • Data Analytics Lens (correct)
  • ML Lens

What is the primary purpose of using the AWS Well-Architected Framework in the design of data pipelines?

  • To reduce the initial infrastructure costs
  • To inform the design of workloads with best practices (correct)
  • To ensure compliance with all regulatory requirements
  • To accelerate the deployment process

Which of the following is NOT a key element emphasized by the Data Analytics Lens of the AWS Well-Architected Framework?

<p>Validity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the evolution of data architectures, what drove the shift from relational databases in the 1970s to non-relational databases in the 1990s?

<p>The limitations of relational schemas for handling the internet's data variety (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary driver for the evolution from data warehouses to data lakes in the mid-2000s?

<p>The rise of big data and the need to store unstructured and semi-structured data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of the 'purpose-built cloud data stores' era in the evolution of data architectures?

<p>They are specifically matched to data type and function, supporting microservices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenge led to the development of Lambda architecture and streaming solutions?

<p>The limitations of big data systems to keep up with demands for real-time analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key goal of modern data architectures?

<p>To unify disparate sources to maintain a single source of truth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a modern data architecture on AWS, how is seamless access to a centralized data lake primarily achieved?

<p>By integrating Amazon S3, Lake Formation, and AWS Glue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the Modern Data Architecture pipeline is responsible for matching AWS services to data source characteristics?

<p>The Ingestion layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a metadata catalog play in the storage layer of a modern data architecture?

<p>It provides governance and discoverability of data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Modern Data Architecture, how are unstructured, semistructured, and structured data typically stored in the storage layer?

<p>Unstructured, semistructured, and structured data are stored as objects in Amazon S3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of data zones within Amazon S3 for a Modern Data Architecture, what is the purpose of the 'landing' zone?

<p>To store raw, unprocessed data as it is ingested (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which AWS service is used in the catalog layer to provide schema information for data stored in Amazon S3?

<p>AWS Glue crawlers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the processing layer in a modern data architecture pipeline?

<p>To transform data into a consumable state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of data processing supported by the processing layer in a modern data architecture?

<p>Data encryption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What capabilities does the consumption layer introduce to the modern data architecture?

<p>It provides unified interfaces to access all data and metadata (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components can query data in Amazon S3 directly?

<p>Amazon Athena (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a streaming analytics pipeline, what is the role of a stream?

<p>To provide temporary storage to process incoming data in real-time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is typically included in a streaming analytics pipeline?

<p>Producers and consumers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the results of streaming analytics processes?

<p>They are saved to downstream destinations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which AWS service would you use to process a continuous stream of events, such as CloudWatch Events, in near real-time

<p>Amazon Managed Service for Apache Flink (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When designing analytics workloads using the AWS Well-Architected Framework, what is the focus of the 'Cost Optimization' pillar?

<p>Analyzing spend data and reducing unnecessary expenses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the historical progression of data storage solutions, what characteristic distinguished data lakes from earlier database systems?

<p>Capability to store structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data at scale (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a modern data architecture on AWS, which service enables querying data directly from Amazon S3 using SQL, without requiring data to be loaded into a database?

<p>Amazon Athena (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A data engineer is designing an ingestion pipeline for streaming data from IoT devices. Which AWS service is most appropriate for this use case?

<p>Kinesis Data Streams (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A data architect needs to ensure that all data ingested into their data lake is properly cataloged with metadata. Which AWS service would assist in this task?

<p>AWS Glue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the followings pillars of the AWS Well-Architected Framework ensures the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data?

<p>Security (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company is setting up a modern data architecture where Amazon S3 is used as the primary data lake. Which one of the following strategies should they implement to categorize data in Amazon S3

<p>Using prefixes and/or individual buckets. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these services democratizes consumption across the organization by giving unified access to stored data and metadata?

<p>Consumption Layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Choose the right Data Analytics Lens guidance decision related elements of data

<p>value, veracity, velocity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Choose the right component which is essential in the stream processing pipeline.

<p>Downstream destination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A financial company needs to implement a data analytics pipeline to process high-velocity stock market data in real time for fraud detection. The company requires the ability to perform complex event processing and aggregation on the streaming data before storing it for further analysis. Which AWS service best suited for this scenario?

<p>Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A healthcare organization is building a data lake on AWS to store patient data from various sources, including structured data from relational databases, semi-structured data from medical devices, and unstructured data from clinical notes. The organization wants to enforce consistent data governance policies across the data lake to ensure data quality, security, and compliance with regulatory requirements. Which AWS service is best suited for managing data governance.

<p>AWS Lake Formation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A global e-commerce company needs to implement a data analytics solution to analyze customer behavior and personalize recommendations in real time. The company wants to build a highly scalable and fault-tolerant data pipeline to ingest and process clickstream data from millions of users worldwide. Which choice will accomplish that?

<p>Using Amazon Kinesis Data Streams for data ingestion and Amazon EMR for data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A retail company is migrating its on-premises data warehouse to AWS and wants to leverage a combination of structured and unstructured data sources for advanced analytics. The company plans to use Amazon S3 for storing unstructured data and Amazon Redshift for storing structured data. Which services can be used to enable querying across both data sources?

<p>Amazon Redshift Spectrum and AWS Glue. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A financial services company is designing architecture for real time fraud for continuous data from bank. Which best solution to protect?

<p>Using a mix of stream storage and analytics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A Data team wants to streamline data to ensure quick data retrieval for analytics, what strategy can they use?

<p>Use Metadata Catalog (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An organization is ingesting large volume of unstructured logs, what AWS pattern will ensure high availability.?

<p>Streaming Analytics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Well-Architected Framework

A framework by AWS providing best practices across six pillars.

Well-Architected Lenses

Guidance that extends the Well-Architected Framework to specific domains.

Data Analytics Lens

A lens providing key design elements for analytics workloads.

Hierarchical Databases

A type of database that organizes data into tree-like structure.

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Relational Databases

A database storing data in tables with rows and columns.

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Object storage

A tool that provides durable, scalable storage.

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Modern data architecture

A system that integrates data from various sources into a unified repository.

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Data Lake

A storage solution that is highly scalable for structured, unstructured, and semi structured data.

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Amazon Athena

A computing service for querying data directly in Amazon S3 using SQL.

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AWS Glue

Enables seamless data movement and unified governance in AWS.

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Ingestion Layer

Provides purpose-built tools to ingest data based on data characteristics.

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Consumption Layer

Provides multiple integration patterns that allows data to be easily consumed by a variety of applications.

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Processing Layer

Responsible for turning data into a consumable format.

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Amazon Kinesis Data Streams

An Amazon Web Services service to collect, process, and analyze real-time, streaming data.

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Amazon EMR

An Amazon Web Services service to process large amount of data.

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Amazon Managed Service for Apache Flink

An Amazon Web Services service to provide stream processing.

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Study Notes

  • The module prepares you to use the AWS Well-Architected Framework to inform the design of analytics workloads.
  • Key milestones in the evolution of data stores and data architectures are reviewed
  • The components of modern data architectures on AWS are described
  • AWS design considerations and key services for a streaming analytics pipeline are cited

AWS Well-Architected Framework and Lenses

  • The Well-Architected Framework provides best practices and design guidance across six pillars:
    • Operational Excellence
    • Security
    • Reliability
    • Performance Efficiency
    • Cost Optimization
    • Sustainability
  • Well-Architected Lenses extend the AWS Well-Architected Framework guidance to specific domains and contain insights from real-world case studies
  • The Data Analytics Lens provides key design elements of analytics workloads and includes reference architectures for common scenarios
  • The ML Lens addresses differences between application and machine learning (ML) workloads and provides a recommended ML lifecycle
  • Activity: The Data Analytics Lens from the Well-Architected Framework is used to identify cloud best practices for data engineering teams building data pipelines

The Evolution of Data Architectures

  • Application architecture evolved into more distributed systems:
    • 1970: Mainframe
    • 1980: Client-Server
    • 1990: Internet 3-tier
    • 2020: Cloud-based microservices
  • Data stores evolved to handle a greater variety of data:
    • 1970: Relational databases
    • 1990: Nonrelational databases
    • 2010: Data lakes
    • 2020: Purpose-built cloud data stores
  • Data architectures evolved to handle volume and velocity:
    • 1980: Data warehouses and OLTP vs OLAP databases, application databases are overburdened
    • 2000: Big data systems, relational databases cannot scale effectively for analytics and AI/ML
    • 2010: Lambda architecture and streaming solutions, Big data systems can't keep up with demands for real-time analysis
  • Modern data architectures unify distributed solutions, data stores and architectures evolved to adapt to increasing demands of data volume, variety, and velocity
  • Modern data architectures continue to use different types of data stores to suit different use cases
  • The goal of modern architecture is to unify disparate sources to maintain a single source of truth

Modern Data Architecture on AWS

  • Key design considerations for modern data architecture:
    • Scalable data lake
    • Performant and cost-effective components
    • Seamless data movement
    • Unified governance
  • Key AWS services:
    • Amazon EMR
    • Aurora
    • Relational databases
    • Big data processing
    • Nonrelational databases
    • Athena
    • OpenSearch Service
    • DynamoDB
    • Log analytics
    • Amazon S3
    • Machine learning
    • SageMaker
    • Data warehousing
    • Amazon Redshift
    • Lake Formation
    • AWS Glue
  • A centralized data lake provides data that can be available to all consumers
  • Purpose-built data stores and processing tools integrate with the lake to read and write data
  • The architecture supports these types of data movement:
    • Outside in
    • Inside out
    • Around the perimeter
  • AWS services that are key to seamless access to a centralized lake include Amazon S3, Lake Formation, and AWS Glue

Modern Data Architecture Pipeline: Ingestion and Storage

  • Matches AWS services to data source characteristics, integrates with storage.
  • Provides durable, scalable storage, includes a metadata catalog for governance and discoverability of data.
  • SaaS apps use Amazon AppFlow
  • OLTP, ERP, CRM, LOB use AWS DMS
  • File shares use DataSync
  • Web Devices, Sensors Social media use Kinesis Data Streams, Firehose
  • Unstructured, semistructured, and structured data is stored as objects in Amazon S3.
  • Semistructured data is loaded into staging tables for Amazon Redshift.
  • Highly structured data is loaded into traditional schemas
  • Amazon S3 data lake is organized with prefixes or individual buckets as zones to organize data in different states, from landing to curated
  • AWS Glue and Lake Formation are used in a catalog layer to store metadata
  • With the catalog, Amazon Redshift Spectrum can query data in Amazon S3 directly.

Modern Data Architecture Pipeline: Processing and Consumption

  • Processing transforms data into a consumable state using purpose-built components
  • Analysis and Visualization democratizes consumption across the organization and provides unified access to stored data and metadata
  • Processing supports 3 types of processing: SQL based ELT, Big Data Processing, and Near real-time ETL
  • Consumption supports 3 types of analysis: interactive SQL queries, BI dashboards, and ML

Streaming Analytics Pipeline

  • Streaming analytics includes producers and consumers
  • A stream provides temporary storage to process incoming data in real time
  • The results of streaming analytics can also be saved to downstream destinations
  • AWS services:
    • CloudWatch Events
    • Kinesis Data Streams
    • Amazon Managed Service for Apache Flink
    • OpenSearch Service
    • Amazon S3
    • Amazon Redshift

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