Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of operational design in research?
What is the primary focus of operational design in research?
- Selecting the best statistical design
- Obtaining information efficiently (correct)
- Evaluating the researcher's skills
- Reviewing existing literature thoroughly
Why is a preliminary literature search important in research?
Why is a preliminary literature search important in research?
- To broaden the researcher's knowledge
- To confirm the researcher's skills
- To see if other researchers have studied the same topic (correct)
- To evaluate the research methodology
Which of the following is NOT a condition to be considered when preparing a research design?
Which of the following is NOT a condition to be considered when preparing a research design?
- Time available for the research
- Reasoning behind hypothesis selection (correct)
- Means of obtaining information
- Availability of researcher's skills
What is one of the functions of a literature review in research?
What is one of the functions of a literature review in research?
Which aspect is NOT addressed by a literature review in research?
Which aspect is NOT addressed by a literature review in research?
What does a preliminary literature search aim to identify?
What does a preliminary literature search aim to identify?
What is the purpose of research design?
What is the purpose of research design?
Which variable is expected to influence the dependent variable?
Which variable is expected to influence the dependent variable?
What does control refer to in research design?
What does control refer to in research design?
How does a confounded relationship affect the dependent variable?
How does a confounded relationship affect the dependent variable?
Which component of research design involves selecting items for study?
Which component of research design involves selecting items for study?
What is the purpose of statistical design in research?
What is the purpose of statistical design in research?
When using MLA referencing, which of the following statements is true?
When using MLA referencing, which of the following statements is true?
What is a key similarity between the Harvard and APA referencing systems?
What is a key similarity between the Harvard and APA referencing systems?
In the context of referencing, what is a significant difference between MLA and Chicago Turabian styles?
In the context of referencing, what is a significant difference between MLA and Chicago Turabian styles?
Why is it important to understand when to cite sources to avoid plagiarism?
Why is it important to understand when to cite sources to avoid plagiarism?
Which referencing style is commonly applied in arts and humanities according to the text?
Which referencing style is commonly applied in arts and humanities according to the text?
What is a distinguishing feature of APA referencing compared to Harvard and Chicago Turabian styles?
What is a distinguishing feature of APA referencing compared to Harvard and Chicago Turabian styles?
What is the purpose of in-text citation?
What is the purpose of in-text citation?
When using the author's name in a sentence, what should be avoided in the citation?
When using the author's name in a sentence, what should be avoided in the citation?
What is the main difference between citation and referencing?
What is the main difference between citation and referencing?
What does APA reference style focus on differentiating?
What does APA reference style focus on differentiating?
In citations with three authors, how should the authors be represented?
In citations with three authors, how should the authors be represented?
Which referencing styles are mentioned in the text?
Which referencing styles are mentioned in the text?
What is the best method for avoiding plagiarism?
What is the best method for avoiding plagiarism?
Why is changing a few words from a direct quote and citing the author still considered plagiarism?
Why is changing a few words from a direct quote and citing the author still considered plagiarism?
What does the 'Works Cited' list at the end of a paper indicate?
What does the 'Works Cited' list at the end of a paper indicate?
When is paraphrasing considered appropriate?
When is paraphrasing considered appropriate?
How should one indicate borrowed information from a source within the text of a paper?
How should one indicate borrowed information from a source within the text of a paper?
What action can help prevent plagiarism when restating an idea from a source?
What action can help prevent plagiarism when restating an idea from a source?
Study Notes
Importance of Research Design
- Facilitates the smooth sailing of research operations
- Makes research projects efficient and helps yield maximum information with minimum expenditure, time, and effort
- Helps researchers organize their ideas and identify flaws and strengths
- Allows for comments and critical evaluation from others
Key Concepts in Research Design
- Dependent variable: a variable to be predicted or explained
- Independent variable: a variable expected to influence the dependent variable
- Extraneous variable: an independent variable not related to the study's purpose, but may affect the dependent variable
- Control: a measure used to minimize the effects of extraneous variables
- Confounded relationship: when the dependent variable is not free from the influence of extraneous variables
Components of Research Design
- Sampling design: the method of selecting items to be studied or observed
- Observational design: the conditions under which observations are made
- Statistical design: concerns with how many items to observe and how to analyze data
- Operational design: techniques used to carry out sampling, statistical, and observational designs
Conditions to Consider in Research Design
- Means of obtaining information
- Availability and skills of the researcher and their staff
- Explanation of the way information will be organized and reasoning behind the selection
- Time available for the research
Importance of Literature Review
- Helps evaluate hypotheses stated by earlier workers
- Suggests new hypotheses
- Brings clarity and focus to the research problem
- Improves methodology
- Broadens researcher knowledge in the research area
Paraphrasing and Citation
- Paraphrasing: expressing someone else's idea in your own words and giving credit
- Citation: indicating in the text what is borrowed from a source and where to locate it
- Importance of citation and referencing: to avoid plagiarism and give credit to original authors
Types of Citation Styles
- APA (American Psychological Association) reference style: author-date format, commonly used in social sciences
- MLA (Modern Language Association) referencing: surname and page format, commonly used in arts and humanities
- Harvard system: similar to APA, uses surname and date of publication
- Chicago Turabian referencing: uses author-date format, commonly used in history and social sciences
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Description
Test your knowledge on how to avoid plagiarism by learning about the importance of citing sources and the method of paraphrasing. Understand the consequences of plagiarism in academic institutions.
