Aviation Weather Hazards

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Questions and Answers

What type of fog forms when warm, moist air cools to saturation over cold water?

  • Stratus fog
  • Sea fog (correct)
  • Radiation fog
  • Advection fog

What is the key factor that makes sea fog formation unlikely?

  • Initial dew point less than cold water temperature (correct)
  • Poleward-moving air
  • Warm ocean current
  • High wind speed

How does sea fog dissipate when carried over a warmer surface?

  • Change in wind direction (correct)
  • Cooling after the heat of the day
  • Movement onshore to warmer land
  • An increase in wind speed

What effect can an increase in wind speed have on surface fog?

<p>Causes the fog to lift into a cloud layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what conditions does radiation fog occur?

<p>High dew point and cold air temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in making a good radiation fog forecast?

<p>Accurately predicting nighttime minimum temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of heating from below on sea fog?

<p>Forms a stratus deck (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can sea fog restrict ceilings and visibility again after dissipating?

<p>Rolling back in due to cooling after the heat of the day (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of fog forming?

<p>Cooling of the air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fog occurs due to moist air moving over a colder surface?

<p>Advection Fog (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for Radiation Fog?

<p>Ground Fog (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what conditions does Upslope Fog occur?

<p>When sloping terrain lifts air (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the ground under stable nighttime conditions that leads to the formation of Radiation Fog?

<p>It emits long-wave radiation cooling the air (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is fog composed of ice crystals referred to?

<p>Ice Fog (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does adding enough moisture to raise the dew point result in?

<p>Frontal Fog (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes fog from a stratus cloud?

<p>Fog forms near the ground, while a stratus cloud is higher in the sky. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two basic ingredients are necessary for precipitation to occur?

<p>Moisture and lifting mechanisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to include the estimated layer height top and/or base when reporting visibility?

<p>To identify the specific obstruction to vision (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of lifting mechanisms for precipitation?

<p>Convection, orographic lifting, and frontal lifting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In forecasting precipitation, what does extrapolation work best for?

<p>Short-period forecasting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are tops and bases of haze layers difficult to estimate?

<p>Usually difficult to detect accurately (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an obstruction to visibility mentioned in the text?

<p>Smog (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can one determine the height of haze layers according to the text?

<p>Noting orientation to higher terrain, trees, or buildings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are pilot reports of haze tops and/or bases considered useful?

<p>To aid in forecasting weather conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one condition that indicates the potential for radiation fog according to the text?

<p>Low dew point depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is satellite detection of dust challenging according to the text?

<p>Challenges with night and single channel imagery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the FSI play in indicating radiation fog potential?

<p>Assessing stability and moisture levels in the atmosphere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Enhanced RGB satellite imagery and Aerosol Optical Depth help with dust detection?

<p>Easing difficulties in satellite dust detection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do slow wind speeds at 850 mb have on radiation fog potential?

<p>Decrease the chance of mixing drier air into the fog layer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of blowing dust forecasts produced by GEPS and MEPS?

<p>Producing probability products for different visibilities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do slow wind speeds at 850 mb contribute to the formation of radiation fog?

<p>Inhibit mixing of drier ambient air into the fog layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difficulty associated with satellite detection of dust according to the text?

<p>Difficulty in distinguishing dust during nighttime hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of conditions prevent the formation of radiation fog?

<p>Strong breeze mixing with drier air aloft (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What weather conditions are conducive to radiation fog formation?

<p>Clear skies at night, light winds, and moist air near the surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor can enhance radiation fog formation in valleys?

<p>Cooling from cold air drainage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions will light rainfall trigger the formation of ground fog?

<p>Air becoming saturated near the ground (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does a strong breeze prevent radiation fog formation?

<p>Brings more moist air in contact with the cool surface (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to thickening of a fog layer in calm conditions?

<p>Wind speeds of 3-7 knots bringing more moist air in contact with the cool surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Air Force Handbook 15-101 PDF

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