Aviation Safety Operations

Security in Aviation Operations

• Material protective equipment and safety measures are essential to prevent accidents.
• When manually rotating a propeller with a cold engine, ensure the ignition or magneto switch in the cabin is turned off.
• Never attempt to rotate a propeller by hand when the engine is still hot, even with the ignition switch turned off, as spontaneous combustion can occur in a cylinder, causing the propeller to rotate and potentially leading to serious consequences.
• The tips of propellers are painted yellow to indicate a circle when they are rotating, as a safety measure.
• In twin-engine or quad-engine aircraft, the warning "Danger Propeller" is written on the side of the fuselage, and it is not recommended to attempt to pass between the fuselage and the engine with the propeller in operation.
• Avoid entering an aircraft with running engines, but if necessary, exercise extreme caution around the propellers and only pass through areas where safety is assured.
• Develop the habit of never passing under a propeller, instead, make a detour to avoid passing through a rotating propeller.
• Do not approach the front of a rotating propeller within a 5-meter radius, as there is a depression caused by the propeller's operation, and the aircraft may move forward, causing injury.

Fire Prevention

• The main objective of fire prevention is to prevent the spread of fire upwards, into the landing gear compartment, and into the fuselage.
• Modern and larger aircraft have safety fuses mounted on the wheels, which melt when the temperature reaches approximately 177°C, allowing the tires to deflate before reaching dangerous pressures.
• Fire prevention systems are essential in aircraft, and they are carefully designed to extinguish fires in the engines during flight and, exceptionally, on the ground when no other equipment is available.

Refueling Operations

• A significant number of fires have occurred during fueling services, and the main causes are: • Fuel flow • Static electricity generated on the internal surface of the fuel tank or the refueling vehicle • Defective fuel pump • External ignition source • Improper procedures during refueling
• Compliance with fire prevention regulations and maintenance of equipment is crucial to prevent accidents.

Aircraft Handling in Hangars

• Trained and qualified personnel are required for all stages of the task.
• The correct "fork" for the aircraft should be used, and it should be positioned correctly.
• The operator in the cabin should give the "OK" before proceeding.
• Chocks should be removed, and a marshaller should be present at each wingtip.
• The maneuver should be initiated, and the operator should be aware of the surroundings to avoid accidents.

Equipment Support on the Ground

• Equipment support on the ground refers to the necessary tools for maintenance services on the runway and in hangars.
• These equipment are necessary for the maintenance of aircraft, including electrical and electronic systems, flight commands, instruments, fuel systems, hydraulic systems, propellers, engines, and oxygen systems.

Hydraulic System

• After completing the proposed activities, you will be able to: • Execute the lifting of the aircraft using jacks, under the instructor's guidance • Remove and install tires, under the instructor's guidance • Practice lubrication on the wheel bearings, under the instructor's guidance • Practice lubrication on the hydraulic system's lubrication points, under the instructor's guidance

Conventional Engine

• After completing the proposed activities, you will be able to: • Follow the "checklist" procedures before starting the engine • Start the IO-540 engine according to the manual, accompanied by the instructor • Start the T-25 engine according to the manual, accompanied by the instructor