Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a primary consideration in the design of a propeller?
Which of the following is a primary consideration in the design of a propeller?
- Number of bolts
- Hub finish
- Paint color
- Blade weight (correct)
What factor necessitates the twist in a propeller blade design?
What factor necessitates the twist in a propeller blade design?
- The need to standardize manufacturing processes
- The reduction in drag at the blade tip.
- To equally distribute thrust and drag forces
- Differences in velocity along the blade span (correct)
If the engine speed is held constant and airspeed increases, what happens to the angle of attack on a fixed-pitch propeller?
If the engine speed is held constant and airspeed increases, what happens to the angle of attack on a fixed-pitch propeller?
- It decreases. (correct)
- It remains the same.
- It increases.
- It oscillates randomly.
In a multi-engine aircraft, what is the purpose of feathering the propeller?
In a multi-engine aircraft, what is the purpose of feathering the propeller?
What characteristic of a propeller distinguishes a reverse-pitch propeller from other types?
What characteristic of a propeller distinguishes a reverse-pitch propeller from other types?
Which force is most dominant on the propeller?
Which force is most dominant on the propeller?
What does aerodynamic twisting moment (ATM) tend to do to propeller blades?
What does aerodynamic twisting moment (ATM) tend to do to propeller blades?
What is the effect of raising the nose of an airplane in flight on thrust?
What is the effect of raising the nose of an airplane in flight on thrust?
What is the purpose of setting the engine of a wooden propeller in a horizontal position when it is inactive for a long period?
What is the purpose of setting the engine of a wooden propeller in a horizontal position when it is inactive for a long period?
When installing a wooden propeller, what is a crucial aspect to consider regarding torque?
When installing a wooden propeller, what is a crucial aspect to consider regarding torque?
What role does a test club propeller have in recipricating engine testing?
What role does a test club propeller have in recipricating engine testing?
What advantage does a constant-propeller system offer over the pilot changing blade-pitch?
What advantage does a constant-propeller system offer over the pilot changing blade-pitch?
How is torque bending force best described?
How is torque bending force best described?
What is the key benefit of turboprop technology?
What is the key benefit of turboprop technology?
Following removal, what does the installation of a constant speed require to its surface?
Following removal, what does the installation of a constant speed require to its surface?
How can propeller damage be detected, as far as surface imperfections are concerned?
How can propeller damage be detected, as far as surface imperfections are concerned?
Regarding multi engine crafts, following an engine loss, what can be done in addition toward steering or safe flight?
Regarding multi engine crafts, following an engine loss, what can be done in addition toward steering or safe flight?
During maintenance, what is the importance of checking the rotation plane and the horizontal nature of propeller and engines?
During maintenance, what is the importance of checking the rotation plane and the horizontal nature of propeller and engines?
A propeller that is tested for and is designed for higher engine performance and greater production of pressure is known as what?
A propeller that is tested for and is designed for higher engine performance and greater production of pressure is known as what?
Why can multi engine aircraft be expected to have propellers that can be feathered?
Why can multi engine aircraft be expected to have propellers that can be feathered?
During maintenance during flight, what element would be used with the engines to establish balance
During maintenance during flight, what element would be used with the engines to establish balance
Where can the measurements be inspected to adhere to their strict nature?
Where can the measurements be inspected to adhere to their strict nature?
Following application, what is the best practice toward wooden composition?
Following application, what is the best practice toward wooden composition?
Concerning a wooden propeller and water, what is ideal in addition to varnish?
Concerning a wooden propeller and water, what is ideal in addition to varnish?
Regarding flight, at which point can the propeller blade be twisted slightly for some variation?
Regarding flight, at which point can the propeller blade be twisted slightly for some variation?
Where is force applied to steel during maintenance?
Where is force applied to steel during maintenance?
In terms of airspeed, what does the angle show regarding composite materials?
In terms of airspeed, what does the angle show regarding composite materials?
By which metric are six-inch segments are marked?
By which metric are six-inch segments are marked?
What makes a fixed pitch tractor propeller ideal?
What makes a fixed pitch tractor propeller ideal?
Outside of engine speed, what factors are needed to make a working propeller efficient?
Outside of engine speed, what factors are needed to make a working propeller efficient?
What is adjusted when using a level that connects to its engine?
What is adjusted when using a level that connects to its engine?
In terms of high and low, what is an inverse setup?
In terms of high and low, what is an inverse setup?
What is the purpose of having an equal amount of mechanical forces throughout the speeder?
What is the purpose of having an equal amount of mechanical forces throughout the speeder?
Beyond its normal operation, what speed can reduce drag and be turned at 90 degrees?
Beyond its normal operation, what speed can reduce drag and be turned at 90 degrees?
In regards to pressure, how can propellers be moved?
In regards to pressure, how can propellers be moved?
When used to operate equipment, what is the point of using a electrical switch?
When used to operate equipment, what is the point of using a electrical switch?
During adjustments for constant use of power, how is the operation to be realigned with its source?
During adjustments for constant use of power, how is the operation to be realigned with its source?
How is the rotation power from certain engines obtained?
How is the rotation power from certain engines obtained?
How do aircraft receive greater safety from power to a flight system, even in cases of inoperability?
How do aircraft receive greater safety from power to a flight system, even in cases of inoperability?
Aside from blades how are propellers tested to adhere to their standards?
Aside from blades how are propellers tested to adhere to their standards?
How are surface area checked of cracks?
How are surface area checked of cracks?
What is a similar item added to the air plane to provide a steady flow?
What is a similar item added to the air plane to provide a steady flow?
Which material is used when performing overhauls of a high-altitude propeller?
Which material is used when performing overhauls of a high-altitude propeller?
What action is required on a multiengine aircraft if an engine is no longer producing proper thrust?
What action is required on a multiengine aircraft if an engine is no longer producing proper thrust?
What is an effect of the center of pressure being closer to the leading edge?
What is an effect of the center of pressure being closer to the leading edge?
What action is occurring when the pilot in a cockpit adjusts the lever?
What action is occurring when the pilot in a cockpit adjusts the lever?
What is generally the maximum amount of allowable adjustment required for a propeller following the adjustment process for balance?
What is generally the maximum amount of allowable adjustment required for a propeller following the adjustment process for balance?
What is the purpose of having a propeller's surface cleaned of grease?
What is the purpose of having a propeller's surface cleaned of grease?
Flashcards
What is a propeller?
What is a propeller?
Component that transforms rotary engine power into thrust.
What is propeller design?
What is propeller design?
The science of designing efficient airfoils.
What does a propeller allow an engine?
What does a propeller allow an engine?
To turn at correct RPM, with proper blade angle.
What is blade angle?
What is blade angle?
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What is thrust?
What is thrust?
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What is geometric pitch?
What is geometric pitch?
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What is propeller slip?
What is propeller slip?
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What is centrifugal force?
What is centrifugal force?
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What is torque bending force?
What is torque bending force?
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What is centrifugal twisting moment (CTM)?
What is centrifugal twisting moment (CTM)?
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What is aerodynamic twisting moment (ATM)?
What is aerodynamic twisting moment (ATM)?
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What is P-Factor?
What is P-Factor?
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What is slipstream in action?
What is slipstream in action?
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What do flight controls do in torque?
What do flight controls do in torque?
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What is gyroscopic precession?
What is gyroscopic precession?
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What is vibration in propellers?
What is vibration in propellers?
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What are laminated wood blades?
What are laminated wood blades?
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What does a wood propeller have?
What does a wood propeller have?
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What is the job of metal tipping?
What is the job of metal tipping?
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What is tapered shanks torquing?
What is tapered shanks torquing?
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Name 4 propeller construction facts.
Name 4 propeller construction facts.
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What is the goal for steel propeller blades?
What is the goal for steel propeller blades?
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What makes up Composite Propellers?
What makes up Composite Propellers?
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What is blade shapes role with airspeeds?
What is blade shapes role with airspeeds?
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What is the name of the surface of the propeller known as?
What is the name of the surface of the propeller known as?
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What is fixed-pitch propeller?
What is fixed-pitch propeller?
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What is a ground adjustable propeller?
What is a ground adjustable propeller?
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What is a controllable pitch propeller?
What is a controllable pitch propeller?
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What is a constant speed propeller?
What is a constant speed propeller?
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What is a feathering propeller?
What is a feathering propeller?
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What is a reverse pitch propeller?
What is a reverse pitch propeller?
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What is a tractor propeller?
What is a tractor propeller?
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What is a pusher propeller?
What is a pusher propeller?
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What are contra-rotating propellers?
What are contra-rotating propellers?
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What data gets a response from the propeller governor?
What data gets a response from the propeller governor?
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What does an HighPitch propeller do?
What does an HighPitch propeller do?
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How does and low pitch propeller work?
How does and low pitch propeller work?
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What is adjusted in a propeller to set it?
What is adjusted in a propeller to set it?
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Where does a pilot get an underspeed?
Where does a pilot get an underspeed?
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Where does a feathering speed of oil will
Where does a feathering speed of oil will
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Where are rpms established?
Where are rpms established?
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Which force adjusts the prop?
Which force adjusts the prop?
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What are feathering propeller's?
What are feathering propeller's?
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What's multi prop synch?
What's multi prop synch?
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Study Notes
Module Overview
- This module (17A) covers propellers and propeller systems for Level B-1 certification in Aviation Maintenance Technician Certification Series.
- It is compliant with EASA Part 66/147.
- Topics include fundamentals, construction, pitch control, synchronizing, ice protection, maintenance, storage and preservation.
Certification and Scope
- Suitable knowledge and experience for EASA certification is required in the chosen area.
- Basic subjects for each aircraft maintenance license category are accomplished per a matrix.
Regulatory Compliance
- The module information meets or exceeds the knowledge specified in EASA Regulation (EC) No. 1321/2014, Annex 1.
Numbering Standards
- International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standard is used for writing numbers.
- Large numbers have a space between each group of 3 digits.
Measurement Units
- The International System of Units (SI) is used for all aspects of international civil aviation air and ground operations.
Prefixes for SI units include
- exa (E) for 10^18
- peta (P) for 10^15
- tera (T) for 10^12
- giga (G) for 10^9
- mega (M) for 10^6
- kilo (k) for 10^3
- hecto (h) for 10^2
- deca (da) for 10^1
- deci (d) for 10^-1
- centi (c) for 10^-2
- milli (m) for 10^-3
- micro (µ) for 10^-6
- nano (n) for 10^-9
- pico (p) for 10^-12
- femto (f) for 10^-15
- atto (a) for 10^-18
Propeller Evolution and Importance
- Propellers are the primary thrust source for aircraft ranging from basic to advanced.
- Modern propellers have evolved from carved wooden blades to complex systems.
- These complex systems adjust pitch, synchronize, and shed ice, handling tremendous turbine engine horsepower.
Module 17A Syllabus Highlights:
- Sub-Module 01 (Fundamentals): Covers blade element theory, angles, propeller slip, forces, torque, airflow, vibration and resonance.
- Sub-Module 02 (Propeller Construction): Covers materials, construction methods, blade stations, and propeller types.
- Sub-Module 03 (Propeller Pitch Control): Covers speed control, pitch change methods, feathering, reverse pitch, and overspeed protection.
- Sub-Module 04 (Propeller Synchronizing): Covers synchronizing and synchrophasing equipment.
- Sub-Module 05 (Propeller Ice Protection): Covers fluid and electrical de-icing equipment.
- Sub-Module 06 (Propeller Maintenance): Covers balancing, blade tracking, damage assessment, repair schemes and engine running.
- Sub-Module 07 (Propeller Storage and Preservation): Covers preservation and depreservation.
Level Designations for Study
- Level 1: Familiarization with the principal elements of the subject.
- Level 2: General knowledge of theoretical and practical aspects with application ability
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