Aviation Flight Model Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between flights and passengers?

  • Passengers are linked to an airport rather than a flight.
  • A flight can have multiple passengers, each needing a separate ticket. (correct)
  • Each flight can only accommodate a single passenger.
  • Each passenger can operate multiple flights simultaneously.

    • What entity is responsible for the operation of a flight?

  • The airport authorities
  • The airline owning the plane (correct)
  • The flight itself
  • The passengers of the flight

    • What role do the pilot and co-pilot fulfill in the flight model?

  • They operate the flight. (correct)
  • They are responsible for planning the flight route.
  • They are responsible for the maintenance of the aircraft.
  • They manage the passenger boarding process.

    • In a flight model, how is the relationship between cities and airports best described?

    <p>Each city can have multiple airports.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a flight in the modeled system?

    <p>It can have a variable number of passengers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does encapsulation achieve in object-oriented programming?

    <p>It separates an object's external properties from its internal implementation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the UML class diagram provided, which of the following attributes is correctly defined for the Car class?

    <p>model: string</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about data hiding in encapsulation is true?

    <p>Information within the object cannot be seen from outside the object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of encapsulation in software design?

    <p>Ability to modify implementation without affecting external code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods is not likely part of the Car class based on the information given?

    <p>sort()</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the benefit of implementation hiding?

    <p>Only the object's interface is exposed to the outside world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the provided UML diagram, which data type is incorrectly assigned in any of the class attributes?

    <p>Year: string</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods is used for sorting in the example given?

    <p>Bubble Sort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does inheritance enable in object-oriented programming?

    <p>Sharing features among different classes based on a hierarchy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a superclass?

    <p>A parent class that provides general features to subclasses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In UML notation, how is inheritance represented?

    <p>By a solid line with a hollow arrow pointing to the superclass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of building a general base class in inheritance?

    <p>To establish a foundation for creating more specific, derived classes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of polymorphism describes how the same operation can behave differently?

    <p>An operation may have multiple methods implemented for various classes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a method in the context of polymorphism?

    <p>An implementation of an operation by a specific class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary advantage of using inheritance to build software incrementally?

    <p>It facilitates the addition of new functionalities without starting over.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the subclass?

    <p>It can only contain features present in the superclass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique identity of an object referred to?

    <p>Memory address</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about objects and classes is true?

    <p>Objects are instances of classes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does classification of objects refer to in the context of object-oriented programming?

    <p>Grouping objects with the same data structure and behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might cows and cars be modeled as separate classes despite having common attributes like price and age?

    <p>They are fundamentally different objects with different behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of abstraction in programming?

    <p>To isolate important aspects of a problem and suppress unimportant ones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the relationship between an object and its class?

    <p>An object has a reference to its class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In object-oriented programming, what does the term 'object handle' refer to?

    <p>A reference to the memory address of an object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of abstraction in programming?

    <p>Creating an interface with only essential methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of a class in object-oriented modeling?

    <p>To define a blueprint for creating objects with shared properties and behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean for an operation to be polymorphic in the context of classes?

    <p>It can exist in multiple forms across different classes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is an attribute typically characterized in an object-oriented class?

    <p>It holds a value and uniquely identifies the property for each object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a class diagram, which compartment is optional when modeling classes?

    <p>The attribute compartment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about objects of the same class in relation to operations?

    <p>They share the same operations as defined by their class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a class model primarily used for?

    <p>To graphically represent relationships among classes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about attributes in a class is false?

    <p>The attribute itself determines the methods that can be applied to it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic differentiates an operation from a method in classes?

    <p>Methods provide the specific implementation of operations in a class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method in the Shape class is used to retrieve the color of the shape?

    <p>getColor(): int</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a class model in object-oriented systems?

    <p>To represent the static structure of the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario are generics used in a class?

    <p>When a class can have its attributes' data types specified at runtime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does polymorphism allow in object-oriented programming?

    <p>A single interface to represent different underlying forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the methods setSide() and getSide() in the Square class represent?

    <p>Operations that manage the side length of the square</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes objects in OO modeling?

    <p>Objects can appear as common nouns in the project documentation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the method getArea() in the Rectangle class calculate?

    <p>The area of the rectangle using the formula length x width</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which relationship is commonly characterized in a class model?

    <p>The inheritance hierarchy among classes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Lecture 4: Introduction to UML, OO Modelling, & Class Diagrams

    • This lecture introduces the Unified Modeling Language (UML) in object-oriented (OO) software modeling.
    • OO software organizes as a collection of discrete objects that incorporate data structure and behavior.
    • The basic unit is the Object, which has state (data) and behavior (operations).

    Topics Covered

    • Modeling

    • UML Diagrams

    • UML Tools

    • Static Diagrams

    • Class Model

    • What is OO Software?

    • Object-Oriented (“OO”) Characteristics

    • Identity

    • Classes and objects

    • Classification

    • Abstraction

    • Encapsulation

    • Inheritance

    • Using Inheritance

    • Polymorphism

    • Generics

    • Class Model

    • Objects

    • Values and attributes

    • Operations and Methods

    • Summary of Basic Class Notation

    • Sample Class Model

    The Software Process

    • A structured set of activities to develop a software system.
    • Many processes exist, but they all involve Specification, Design/Implementation, Validation, and Maintenance/Evolution.

    Modeling

    • A model is an abstraction.
    • Abstraction is used to simplify design by ignoring unnecessary details.
    • Modeling tools reduce complexity, allow testing before implementation, facilitate communication, and document/visualize ideas.

    Some UML Diagrams

    • Functional diagrams: describe system functionality from user perspective, including use case diagrams.
    • Static diagrams: describe the static structure of a system, including classes, objects, attributes, and associations
    • Dynamic diagrams: describe dynamic behavior, including interaction diagrams (interactions between system objects), state diagrams (behavior of an individual object), and activity diagrams (system workflow).

    UML Tools

    • Some tools can generate code from UML diagrams.
    • Other tools are for sketching.
    • Rational Rose is a popular commercial UML tool.
    • Bouml is an open-source UML tool.
    • Visio is a sketching tool.

    Static Diagrams

    • Class diagrams: show classes and their relationships
    • Object diagrams: show objects and their relationships
    • Package diagrams: show how classes are grouped into packages.

    Class Model

    • A class model describes the static structure of a system by defining classes, objects, relationships, and details of each class of objects' attributes/operations.
    • In OO systems, building around objects is more important than focusing solely on functionality.

    What is OO Software?

    • OO software organizes as a collection of discrete objects that have both data structure and behavior.
    • Objects have state and behavior.

    Object-Oriented (“OO”) Characteristics

    • Identity
    • Classification
    • Encapsulation
    • Abstraction
    • Inheritance
    • Polymorphism
    • Generics
    • Cohesion
    • Coupling

    Identity

    • Each object has its own unique identity, even if objects have the same state/data.

    Classification

    • Objects with the same data structure (attributes) and behavior (operations) belong to the same class.
    • Classes function as abstractions defining crucial application properties.

    Abstraction

    • Abstraction is selective study of problem parts.
    • Developers isolate essential problem aspects and disregard less significant ones.

    Encapsulation

    • Encapsulation separates external and internal object details, improving program parts' interdependency.
    • Changing a class's internal aspects doesn't affect programs using its objects.

    Inheritance

    • Inheritance is the feature that allows classes to share attributes and operations based on a hierarchical relationship.
    • A superclass (parent) possesses general features and sublcasses (children) inherit those features, refining some

    How to Use Inheritance

    • Build fundamental classes to address basic cases.
    • Build special cases (subclasses) that inherit from general classes, adding unique functions.

    Polymorphism

    • Polymorphism allows the same operation to have different behaviors in various classes.
    • An operation is a procedure; a method is its specific class implementation.
    • Polymorphic operations can have multiple implementations (methods) in different classes.

    Generics

    • Generic classes allow object attribute data types to be specified at run-time instead of compile time.
    • Generic classes are parameterized, using a parameter that describes the attribute type.

    Objects

    • Objects often correspond to real-world entities or conceptual descriptions.
    • Objects are identified by names, like variables in a program, which are often proper nouns.

    Class

    • A class is a blueprint defining a group of objects with shared properties (attributes) and behaviors (operations).

    Class Model

    • Class modeling involves a graphical notation to define classes and their relationships, depicting instances.
    • Class diagrams are valuable in program/software design and implementation.

    Values and Attributes

    • Attributes represent properties of a class.
    • Every class is defined by unique attributes.
    • Values are data assigned to attributes

    Operations and Methods

    • Operations are procedures or functions applied to class objects.
    • Methods are specific operation implementations within a class.
    • Operations/Methods can vary or change across classes.

    Summary of Class Notation

    • Attribute and operation compartments are optional.
    • Designers/developers can display or exclude attributes and operations as desired.
    • Empty attributes indicate they have been specified but are nonexistent.

    Summary of Basic Class Notation

    • Basic class notation shows attribute name, type and default value.
    • A class may have multiple compartments.

    A Sample Class Model

    • This model describes flight classes representing flights, airports, airlines, planes, passengers, pilots, and co-pilots.
    • Each class has specific attributes and behaviors related to flights.

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    CSC441 Intro to SE: Introduction to UML, OO Modelling & Class Diagrams PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the relationships and roles within the aviation flight model. This quiz covers aspects such as the interaction between flights and passengers, the responsibilities of flight operation, and the functions of pilot and co-pilot. Gain a better understanding of how cities and airports relate to flights in the system.

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