Autonomic NS
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the autonomic nervous system?

  • To process sensory information
  • To regulate voluntary muscle movements
  • To maintain homeostasis within the body (correct)
  • To facilitate conscious thought processes

    • Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response?

  • Parasympathetic nervous system
  • Sympathetic nervous system (correct)
  • Central nervous system
  • Enteric nervous system

    • Which of the following is NOT maintained by homeostasis?

  • Blood pressure
  • Acid-base balance
  • Conscious awareness (correct)
  • Body temperature

    • How does the autonomic nervous system operate in relation to individual awareness?

    <p>It functions without our awareness and is involuntary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following parameters is NOT typically associated with homeostasis?

    <p>Emotional stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily measures the degree of stretch in smooth muscles within the enteric nervous system?

    <p>Sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neuron promotes mucous release into the lumen of the gut?

    <p>Secretomotor neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the enteric nervous system primarily function in relation to the brain?

    <p>It operates independently but receives regulatory input.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurons work together to coordinate peristaltic movement in the gut?

    <p>Excitatory and inhibitory visceromotor neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a function of sensory neurons in the submucosal plexus?

    <p>Measuring the chemical composition of the lumen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do visceral sensory neurons play in the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>They provide sensory feedback for regulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerves are associated with visceral sensory neurons sending information to the nucleus of the solitary tract?

    <p>IX and X</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does most visceral sensory information end up within the central nervous system?

    <p>Nucleus of the solitary tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function do preganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system serve?

    <p>They send signals to postganglionic neurons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain regions integrate information from visceral sensory and other sensory modalities?

    <p>Medial prefrontal cortex and insular cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do visceral sensory afferents contribute to autonomic regulation?

    <p>They influence widespread ANS activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure serves as the integration center for visceral sensory input?

    <p>Nucleus of the solitary tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissues are primarily targeted by the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Cardiac and smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do visceral sensory neurons associated with spinal nerves indirectly innervate?

    <p>Nucleus of the solitary tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function attributed to visceral sensory neurons?

    <p>Controlling voluntary muscle movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main action of the sympathetic nervous system regarding blood flow during stress responses?

    <p>Diverts blood away from skin and viscera to muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is predominantly released by postganglionic sympathetic neurons?

    <p>Noradrenaline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the parasympathetic nervous system primarily stimulate in the digestive system?

    <p>Increased gut motility and secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve is NOT involved in the parasympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Cranial nerve XI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adrenergic receptor type is associated with the activation of adenylate cyclase?

    <p>β1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the enteric nervous system?

    <p>Regulates gut motility and secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the sympathetic nervous system have on the lungs?

    <p>Bronchodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of preganglionic sympathetic neurons?

    <p>Their cell bodies are located in T1-L2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of neuropeptides in the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Alter the effects of other neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which effect is NOT associated with the activation of the sympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Enhanced digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the neurotransmitter used by most postganglionic parasympathetic neurons?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary function of the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) in the parasympathetic nervous system includes which of the following?

    <p>Regulating heart rate reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the cell bodies of most preganglionic parasympathetic neurons located?

    <p>In cranial nerve nuclei and sacral spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

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