ANS MIXED

The part of the nervous system responsible for controlling involuntary functions like heart rate, digestion, and breathing.

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is divided into two branches: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).

The SNS prepares the body for action, increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration for a 'fight or flight' response. Think adrenaline rush.

The PNS, in contrast, promotes relaxation and digestion, slowing heart rate, decreasing blood pressure, and promoting digestion for a 'rest and digest' response. Think relaxation.

The SNS typically releases norepinephrine (noradrenaline) as its primary neurotransmitter. This neurotransmitter acts on various targets in the body to activate the flight-or-fight response.

The PNS primarily operates using acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter. This neurotransmitter promotes parasympathetic functions like slowing the heart rate and facilitating digestion.

The SNS and PNS work antagonistically, meaning their effects often oppose each other, ensuring a balanced and controlled response to various internal and external stimuli.

The ANS, comprised of the SNS and PNS, plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating various bodily functions automatically, ensuring a coordinated and efficient response to internal and external changes.

The autonomic nervous system is responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions. It is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for "fight-or-flight" responses, such as increased heart rate, blood pressure, and alertness.

The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for "rest and digest" functions, promoting relaxation and energy conservation.

The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movement of skeletal muscles.

A type of neurotransmitter that acts at neuromuscular junctions and in the autonomic nervous system. It is responsible for transmitting signals between nerves and muscles, as well as regulating the activity of various internal organs.

A type of neurotransmitter found in the sympathetic nervous system. It acts to increase heart rate, blood pressure, and other physiological changes associated with the "fight-or-flight" response.

Receptors located on target cells that bind acetylcholine. They are found in various locations of the body, including the heart, smooth muscle, and glands.

Receptors located on target cells that bind norepinephrine. They are found in a variety of organs and tissues, including the heart, blood vessels, and smooth muscle.

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions like heart rate, digestion, and breathing. It is divided into two branches: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).

The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) prepares the body for "fight-or-flight" responses, activating responses like increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and enhanced alertness, often triggered by stress or perceived danger.

Compared to the SNS, the PNS is responsible for "rest-and-digest" functions like slowing down heart rate, promoting digestion, and relaxing muscles, aiding in recovery and energy conservation.

The SNS originates from the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord (T1-L2), while the PNS has origins in the craniosacral regions (cranial nerves and S2-S4).

The SNS has short preganglionic fibers and long postganglionic fibers, while the PNS has long preganglionic fibers and short postganglionic fibers.

The SNS ganglia are located far from the effector organs, while the PNS ganglia are located near or within the effector organs.

The SNS has extensive branching, allowing for widespread activation, while the PNS has minimal branching, providing more targeted responses.

The SNS primarily uses the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (sometimes acetylcholine for sweat glands), while the PNS primarily uses acetylcholine.

The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for action, increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration for a 'fight or flight' response. Think adrenaline rush. It is also responsible for dilating pupils, increasing sweat gland secretion, and releasing renin from the kidneys.

The parasympathetic nervous system promotes relaxation and digestion, slowing heart rate, decreasing blood pressure, and promoting digestion for a 'rest and digest' response. Think of a time you felt relaxed.

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is divided into two branches: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). These branches work antagonistically, meaning their effects often oppose each other, ensuring a balanced and controlled response to various internal and external stimuli.

The sympathetic nervous system uses norepinephrine as its main neurotransmitter, while the parasympathetic nervous system uses acetylcholine.

Stress can put a strain on the body and its functions. Chronic stress can lead to a variety of health problems, including cardiovascular disease, mental health issues, and weakened immune system.