Autonomic Nervous System Divisions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the reason behind the sympathetic nervous system being named 'sympathetic'?

  • Because it consists of two interconnected plexuses
  • Because the actions of this system are generally opposite to that of the parasympathetic
  • Because the components of this system are not activated all in one time
  • Because the components of this system get activated all in one time (correct)

    • Where do the sympathetic nerves arise from?

  • Medial horn cells of the thoracic and lumbar segments
  • Lateral horn cells of all the thoracic and upper 2 lumbar segments of the spinal cord (correct)
  • The cervical and sacral segments of the spinal cord
  • The dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord

    • Which division of the autonomic nervous system is a local system located in the wall of the alimentary tract?

  • The lateral horn system
  • The sympathetic nervous system
  • The parasympathetic nervous system
  • The enteric nervous system (correct)

    • What are the components of the enteric nervous system?

    <p>Submucosal (Meissner’s) plexus and myenteric (Auerbach’s) plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the functions of the three autonomic nervous system systems integrated and coordinated?

    <p>By centers in the CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of sympathetic nervous system activity on the eye?

    <p>Dilation of the pupil and preparation of the eye for far vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does sympathetic nervous system activity affect the heart and lungs?

    <p>Increases heart rate and power of the heart, and causes bronchodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does sympathetic nervous system activity have on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)?

    <p>Decreases GIT motility by relaxation of the wall and contraction of the sphincters, and decreases GIT secretions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of sympathetic nervous system activity on the liver?

    <p>Causes glycogenolysis and release of clotting factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the urinary bladder due to sympathetic nervous system activity?

    <p>Relaxes the wall of the bladder but increases contraction of the internal urethral sphincter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Sympathetic Nervous System

    • Named 'sympathetic' due to its role in preparing the body for stress-related activities, often associated with flight-or-fight responses.
    • Sympathetic nerves primarily arise from the thoracic and lumbar sections of the spinal cord (T1-L2).

    Autonomic Nervous System Divisions

    • The enteric nervous system is a local system located within the wall of the alimentary tract, often referred to as the "second brain."

    Components of the Enteric Nervous System

    • Composed of two primary plexuses: the myenteric plexus, which regulates gastrointestinal motility, and the submucosal plexus, which controls secretions and blood flow.

    Integration and Coordination of Autonomic Functions

    • The autonomic nervous system integrates inputs from various sources, including the central nervous system, to ensure coordinated responses among its divisions: sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric.

    Effects of Sympathetic Nervous System Activity on Eye

    • Sympathetic activity leads to dilation of the pupils (mydriasis) to enhance vision in low light conditions.

    Effects on Heart and Lungs

    • Increases heart rate and force of contraction, enhancing cardiac output.
    • Dilates bronchioles in the lungs, allowing increased airflow for better oxygenation.

    Effects on Gastrointestinal Tract

    • Lowers activity of the gastrointestinal tract, reducing digestive processes during stress responses.

    Effects on the Liver

    • Stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver, increasing glucose availability for energy during stressful situations.

    Effects on Urinary Bladder

    • Causes relaxation of the bladder wall and contraction of the sphincters, inhibiting urination during times of stress.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the general divisions and functions of the autonomic nervous system, with a focus on the sympathetic nervous system. Explore the activation and components of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

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