Automotive Systems

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Study Notes

Engine Repair

Engine Components:
- Cylinders: where combustion takes place
- Pistons: move up and down in cylinders, driven by explosive force
- Crankshaft: converts up-and-down motion into rotary motion
- Camshaft: operates valves, allowing air and fuel into cylinders
Common Engine Problems:
- Oil leaks
- Overheating
- Low compression
- Faulty spark plugs
Repair Techniques:
- Compression testing
- Leak-down testing
- Cylinder head reconditioning
- Engine block machining

Transmission Systems

Manual Transmission:
- Uses gears and clutch to transfer power
- Driver controls gear shifts
Automatic Transmission:
- Uses torque converter and planetary gearsets
- Transmission control module (TCM) controls shifts
Transmission Components:
- Gears
- Bearings
- Seals
- Clutch packs
Common Transmission Problems:
- Slipping or hesitation
- Leaks
- Noise or vibration
- Failure to engage gears

Electronic Fuel Injection

EFI Components:
- Fuel injectors
- Fuel pump
- Oxygen sensor
- Engine control module (ECM)
How EFI Works:
- ECM calculates air/fuel mixture
- Fuel injectors spray fuel into intake manifold
- Oxygen sensor monitors exhaust gases
Benefits of EFI:
- Improved fuel efficiency
- Increased power
- Reduced emissions
- Self-diagnostic capabilities

Brake Systems

Brake Components:
- Brake pads
- Rotors
- Calipers
- Brake fluid
Brake Types:
- Disc brakes
- Drum brakes
- ABS (anti-lock braking system)
Brake Problems:
- Worn or warped rotors
- Spongy brake pedal
- Brake noise or vibration
- Leaks or low brake fluid

Suspension And Steering

Suspension Components:
- Springs
- Shock absorbers
- Struts
- Control arms
Steering Components:
- Steering gear
- Steering column
- Power steering pump
- Steering linkage
Suspension and Steering Problems:
- Worn or loose components
- Noise or vibration
- Uneven tire wear
- Steering wander or pull

Description

Test your knowledge of automotive systems, including engine repair, transmission systems, electronic fuel injection, brake systems, and suspension and steering. Learn about components, common problems, and repair techniques.