5 Automated Vehicles and Public Perception

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Questions and Answers

What is identified as a challenge in codifying ethical and moral principles?

The limited public awareness of technology's development (correct)

The lack of software developers

The simple nature of the trolley problem

The constrained distribution of technology details

What is suggested to be necessary for achieving full public acceptance of these complex systems?

Focusing only on the design of the software.

Addressing issues beyond the programming's structure (correct)

Restricting information about the technology's development.

Simplifying the nature of the systems.

What is a potential negative impact of technological changes on bus operations?

Positive impacts on the economics of bus operations.

Increased bus ridership.

Deleterious impacts on the economics of bus operations. (correct)

Widespread public acceptance.

What makes the problem of codifying ethics and morals complex according to the text?

The involvement of multiple designers and code developers. Signup and view all the answers

How does the text describe the type of change that is anticipated?

Widespread and radical. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text imply about the complexity of the issues versus the trolley problem?

Issues are more complex than the trolley problem. Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested about the public's awareness of the technology's development?

The public has relatively limited awareness. Signup and view all the answers

What is a likely reason provided for the limited public awareness of technology's development?

The somewhat constrained distribution of the details. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key challenge arising from the introduction of automated vehicles (AVs)?

The public's misconception of full driverless operation. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of technological change is difficult to anticipate?

The precise public reaction to them. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is highlighted to be a basis upon which the public will likely judge new technical innovations?

The value offered by the innovation. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text mainly focus on with regard to automated vehicles?

The public's understanding and perception of AVs Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested as an immediate problem regarding public awareness of automated vehicles?

The public views them as always operating without the need for a driver. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'individuated technology' suggest in the context of the text?

Technology that impacts individuals in unique ways. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text imply about people's capacity to judge the value of technology?

People will make judgments on the innovations, rather than accepting them blindly. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about the relationship between humans and machines in the context of automation?

Humans and technology coevolve in a symbiotic relationship. Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial challenge presented with regard to the introduction of AVs?

The understanding of what an automated vehicle is. Signup and view all the answers

How does the human role evolve with technological innovation?

The human role coevolves with the technology. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text imply about the efficiency of fully automated production?

It is less efficient and sustainable compared to human-machine collaboration. Signup and view all the answers

What is one example of technology that the text suggests maintains a physical and functional separation between humans and machines?

Autonomous vehicles (AVs). Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'combinatorial vector of progress' refer to in the context of the text?

A controversial path of progress for human and machine symbiosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the text's main point regarding the effect of automation's growth on human employment?

Automation does not lead to a simple one-for-one replacement of human jobs. Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of 'symbiosis' imply in the context of the text's discussion about humans and machines?

A mutually beneficial ongoing relationship with co-development. Signup and view all the answers

The text indicates that debates are ongoing regarding:

The initial production capacities and specific details of interactions between humans and machines. Signup and view all the answers

What is one significant difference between the operational environments of airplanes and cars?

Airplanes experience a more diverse range of challenges than cars. Signup and view all the answers

Why has the implementation of fully autonomous commercial aircraft not been widely adopted yet?

Demonstrating absolute safety is currently cost prohibitive. Signup and view all the answers

Which feature significantly contributes to the performance of robotic devices in real-world applications?

The integration of effective sensors and actuators. Signup and view all the answers

How many humans are typically involved in the operations of commercial aircraft?

Two human operators. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of aircraft operation raises fundamental concerns regarding autonomous technology?

The need for high levels of situation awareness. Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential obstacle to the development of autonomous aircraft?

High costs associated with demonstrating safety. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pathological' refer to in the context of autonomous machines responding to situations?

Rare and extreme scenarios that are difficult to handle. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the dynamic changes faced by aircraft compared to ground vehicles?

Aircraft deal with fewer moment-to-moment dynamic changes. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential problem that can arise from humans misattributing behavior to autonomous vehicles (AVs)?

Belief that AVs can perceive their surroundings at a human level Signup and view all the answers

How are the Turing test and autonomous vehicles (AVs) related in the context presented?

AVs can pass at least the surface level of the Turing test in terms of perceived social behavior Signup and view all the answers

What primarily impacts public perceptions of autonomous vehicles (AVs)?

Intrinsic human attributions concerning social behavior on the road Signup and view all the answers

What makes human perception of AVs potentially misleading?

Dissonant attributions of behaviors by humans Signup and view all the answers

What challenges are associated with the face recognition technology mentioned?

Face recognition can be unreliable due to environmental conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated about the relationship between AV design and the public's trust?

Improved AV design will likely enhance public trust in them Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a limitation of robot sensors compared to humans?

Robot sensors lack adaptability to contextual changes Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of AVs may lead to conflict on the road according to the provided content?

Misattributions of human-like performance to AVs Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor in the public perception of automated vehicles (AVs)?

The perceived and actual reliability of the technology Signup and view all the answers

What pattern of development is expected for automated vehicles and related technologies?

Chequered pattern of development Signup and view all the answers

How does transparency in AVs contribute to public trust?

By clearly signaling the vehicle's intent Signup and view all the answers

What could potentially undermine public trust in all automated vehicles?

A catastrophic loss of public trust due to an incident Signup and view all the answers

What current capability do vehicles possess that is similar to the transparency required of automated vehicles?

Rudimentary displays of engine function and status Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly represents the relationship between failures in AVs and public opinion?

Failures are specific and do not immediately tarnish all AVs Signup and view all the answers

What boundary condition is highlighted as a reminder of human innovativeness?

Existing limited techniques for vehicle intent signaling Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the impact of AV technology failure on public opinion?

Failures will likely lead to skepticism towards innovative technologies overall Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Automated and Autonomous Vehicles

Automated vehicles (AVs) are already present on US and many global highways
Focus now is on how AVs will impact existing transportation systems and societies
How will mobility change as AVs become dominant?
How will the public be informed about evolving AV capabilities?
Impact of scientific communications on public perception of AV advancements
AVs are posing new problems and challenges for the public

Current Communications About Self-Driving Cars

52 companies had permits to test autonomous vehicles in California (March 2018)
Competition exists in the self-driving vehicle sector
Personal experience with autonomous vehicles remains limited for most people
Public perception of AVs posits potential labor-saving and accident reduction, but the social impact is far-reaching.
AVs could reduce traffic by 30% by eliminating the need for parking searches
Increased availability, reduced need of car ownership is possible

Public Perception of AVs

Some may perceive AVs as entirely driverless, overlooking distinct levels of driver assistance
The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) categorizes various levels of vehicle control, from driver assistance to full automation
Public perception may misestimate the intelligence and operational capabilities of AVs, potentially creating miscalculations.
Job displacement and commuting patterns are anticipated changes as a result of driverless cars
Potential job losses for truck and taxi drivers, with new jobs likely in remote control centers emerging.
Public must make informed choices about AV safety
Consideration of risk levels—doubling safety is not necessarily the only necessary measure

Humans and Machines

Transportation is critical to human societies and arguably a fundamental right for societal and individual well-being
Significant changes to transportation will greatly affect quality of life, especially in developing nations
Historical paradigm shift (from camel to horse-drawn carriages and on)
Human control versus machine control in systems
Human-machine cooperation vs. separation may be a symbiotic relationship.

Technical Feasibility

Research and development of autonomous vehicles has been ongoing for decades
Autonomous technologies are already incorporated into semiautonomous vehicles
The financial feasibility for autonomous operation must be considered
Societal impact is multi-faceted—employment, safety (human oversight).
Challenges of human-automation integration; reliability in varying contexts in different conditions

Technical Challenges

Sensor and actuator reliability with changing contexts is a problem
Computer-mediated technology needs human involvement, especially in complex situations
The unexpected occurrence of rare circumstances
Public understanding of the risks from technology.
Maintaining appropriate levels of trust, and open communication with public throughout the development stages is critical.

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Description

Explore the impact of automated and autonomous vehicles (AVs) on transportation systems and society. This quiz addresses how public perception is shaped by scientific communications, the competition in the AV sector, and the potential changes in mobility and car ownership. Test your knowledge on the current landscape of AV technology and its implications.