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Questions and Answers
What is the mental representation that influences adult relationships called?
What is the mental representation that influences adult relationships called?
Internal Working Model
Which attachment style is characterized by a positive view of self and relationships?
Which attachment style is characterized by a positive view of self and relationships?
- Insecure-Resistant Attachment
- Secure Attachment (correct)
- Insecure-Avoidant Attachment
What is the defining behavior of someone with an insecure-avoidant attachment?
What is the defining behavior of someone with an insecure-avoidant attachment?
- Desire for close relationships but difficulty maintaining them
- Fear of intimacy and avoidance of closeness (correct)
- Preoccupied with love and struggle to find true love
Which attachment style is associated with preoccupation with love and difficulty finding true love?
Which attachment style is associated with preoccupation with love and difficulty finding true love?
Who proposed the theory that early attachments shape adult relationship patterns?
Who proposed the theory that early attachments shape adult relationship patterns?
Secure caregiver interactions lead to feelings of unworthiness in children.
Secure caregiver interactions lead to feelings of unworthiness in children.
Insecure caregiver interactions can lead to feelings of worthiness in children.
Insecure caregiver interactions can lead to feelings of worthiness in children.
What is the approximate percentage of adults with a secure attachment style?
What is the approximate percentage of adults with a secure attachment style?
Which famous study surveyed love experiences and attachment types?
Which famous study surveyed love experiences and attachment types?
Secure adults are more likely to find relationships difficult and prone to divorce.
Secure adults are more likely to find relationships difficult and prone to divorce.
Insecure adults are known for their belief in enduring love and mutual trust.
Insecure adults are known for their belief in enduring love and mutual trust.
Resistant adults are often characterized by conflicted memories of early attachments.
Resistant adults are often characterized by conflicted memories of early attachments.
What is the defining characteristic of avoidant adults in relationships?
What is the defining characteristic of avoidant adults in relationships?
Secure infants are less likely to display higher social skills later in life.
Secure infants are less likely to display higher social skills later in life.
What is the term used to describe the negative impact of a lack of attachment?
What is the term used to describe the negative impact of a lack of attachment?
What type of technique relies on subjective data about childhood and adult relationships?
What type of technique relies on subjective data about childhood and adult relationships?
What is the term for relying on memories of early attachments, which can be unreliable?
What is the term for relying on memories of early attachments, which can be unreliable?
Early attachments have a deterministic influence on later relationship outcomes.
Early attachments have a deterministic influence on later relationship outcomes.
What is the term for other factors that may influence attachment outcomes?
What is the term for other factors that may influence attachment outcomes?
Parenting style has no significant impact on attachment and development.
Parenting style has no significant impact on attachment and development.
What is the name of the tool used to assess attachment and love experiences?
What is the name of the tool used to assess attachment and love experiences?
Expressiveness in romantic relationships is not linked to attachment.
Expressiveness in romantic relationships is not linked to attachment.
Securely attached children are more likely to engage in bullying behaviors.
Securely attached children are more likely to engage in bullying behaviors.
Insecurely attached adults are less likely to experience divorce.
Insecurely attached adults are less likely to experience divorce.
What early relationship influences adult relationship views?
What early relationship influences adult relationship views?
Securely attached children are less likely to form quality friendships.
Securely attached children are less likely to form quality friendships.
Flashcards
Internal Working Model
Internal Working Model
A mental representation of self and others in relationships, shaped by early attachment experiences.
Secure Attachment
Secure Attachment
A secure attachment style characterized by a positive view of self and others, leading to trust and comfort in relationships.
Insecure-Avoidant Attachment
Insecure-Avoidant Attachment
An insecure attachment style where individuals fear intimacy and avoid closeness due to past negative experiences.
Insecure-Resistant Attachment
Insecure-Resistant Attachment
An insecure attachment style where individuals are preoccupied with love, struggling to trust and find true love due to inconsistent caregiving.
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Bowlby's Theory
Bowlby's Theory
A theory by John Bowlby suggesting that early childhood attachment experiences shape adult relational patterns and influence self-esteem.
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Secure Caregiver Interaction
Secure Caregiver Interaction
Caregiving that provides consistent warmth, responsiveness, and emotional support, leading to feelings of worthiness and security in children.
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Insecure Caregiver Interaction
Insecure Caregiver Interaction
Caregiving that is inconsistent, neglectful, or emotionally unavailable, resulting in feelings of unworthiness and insecurity in children.
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Attachment Style Percentages
Attachment Style Percentages
Attachment style percentages based on research: 56% secure, 25% avoidant, and 19% resistant.
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Hazan and Shaver Study
Hazan and Shaver Study
A study by Hazan and Shaver that explored the connection between adult romantic experiences and attachment styles using a survey.
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Secure Adult Characteristics
Secure Adult Characteristics
Characteristics of securely attached adults: belief in enduring love, trust, and comfortable intimacy.
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Insecure Adult Characteristics
Insecure Adult Characteristics
General characteristics of insecurely attached adults: difficulties in relationships, emotional turmoil, and higher risk of divorce.
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Resistant Adult Characteristics
Resistant Adult Characteristics
Characteristics of resistant adults: a desire for closeness, but also a fear of vulnerability and a tendency to become easily infatuated.
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Avoidant Adult Characteristics
Avoidant Adult Characteristics
Characteristics of avoidant adults: fear of intimacy, distrust of love's permanence, and a need for independence.
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Social Competence Link
Social Competence Link
Securely attached infants exhibit better social skills in later childhood, demonstrating the long-term impact of attachment.
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Cycle of Privation
Cycle of Privation
The negative impact of lacking a consistent, supportive caregiver on child development, affecting social, emotional, and cognitive skills.
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Self-Report Techniques
Self-Report Techniques
Methods used to gather subjective information about individuals' childhood and adult relationships, often based on self-reports.
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Retrospective Assessment
Retrospective Assessment
Evaluating past attachment experiences based on memories, which can be faulty and prone to bias.
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Probabilistic Influence
Probabilistic Influence
Early attachment experiences influence the likelihood of developing healthy relationships in adulthood, but do not guarantee a specific outcome.
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Confounding Variables
Confounding Variables
Additional factors such as life experiences, personality traits, and environmental influences that may impact attachment outcomes.
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Parenting Style Link
Parenting Style Link
Parenting styles influence both attachment security and child development, demonstrating the interconnectedness of family dynamics.
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Love Quiz
Love Quiz
A tool designed to assess individuals' attachment styles and understanding of love based on their romantic experiences.
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Emotional Attachment
Emotional Attachment
The link between the ability to express emotions in romantic relationships and individual attachment styles.
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Attachment and Bullying
Attachment and Bullying
Securely attached children are less likely to engage in bullying behavior, demonstrating the positive social impact of secure attachment.
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Divorce Rates
Divorce Rates
Adults with insecure attachment styles, particularly avoidant and resistant, have higher rates of divorce.
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Mother-Child Relationship
Mother-Child Relationship
Early memories of the mother-child relationship significantly impact individuals' views on love and relationships in adulthood.
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Quality of Friendships
Quality of Friendships
Securely attached children are more likely to form and maintain strong, healthy friendships, showcasing the social benefits of secure attachment.
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Attachment Theory and Adult Relationships
- Internal Working Model: A mental representation of self and relationships, influencing adult relationships.
- Secure Attachment: Characterized by a positive view of self and relationships, leading to greater trust and security in later relationships.
- Insecure-Avoidant Attachment: Involves a fear of intimacy and avoidance of closeness in relationships, often resulting in difficulty with emotional closeness.
- Insecure-Resistant Attachment: Individuals preoccupied with love, but struggle to achieve lasting relationships, frequently exhibiting emotional instability.
- Bowlby's Theory: Proposes that childhood attachment experiences significantly shape patterns in adult relationships.
- Secure Caregiver Interaction: Leads to a sense of worthiness in children, fostering confidence and a positive self-image.
- Insecure Caregiver Interaction: Results in feelings of unworthiness, impacting children's self-esteem and future relationships.
- Attachment Style Percentages: Roughly 56% of adults are securely attached, 25% are avoidant, and 19% are resistant.
- Hazan and Shaver Study: A study investigating the connection between attachment styles and love experiences.
- Secure Adult Characteristics: Belief in enduring love, trust in relationships, and a positive outlook towards partnership.
- Insecure Adult Characteristics: Difficulties in maintaining relationships, heightened vulnerability to divorce and relationship issues.
- Resistant Adult Characteristics: Experience conflicting emotions in relationships, demonstrating a tendency to quickly become emotionally attached.
- Avoidant Adult Characteristics: Fear of closeness, distrust of the longevity of love, and avoidance of emotional vulnerability.
- Social Competence Link: Securely attached infants typically display higher social skills in later life.
- Cycle of Privation: Describes the negative consequences of a lack of attachment in early childhood.
- Self-Report Techniques: Use of subjective data from individuals regarding their experiences with early childhood attachment and adult relationships.
- Retrospective Assessment: Relies on individuals' potentially imperfect memories of early childhood attachment experiences. This is susceptible to memory biases.
- Probabilistic Influence: Early attachments increase the likelihood of experiencing difficulty in later relationships or decreased relationship satisfaction.
- Confounding Variables: Other factors, besides attachment style, can affect relationship outcomes.
- Parenting Style Link: Parenting styles directly impact both attachment development in children and later relationship patterns.
- Love Quiz: An instrument used to measure attachment styles and love experiences in adults.
- Emotional Attachment: Expressiveness in romantic relationships is linked to early attachment patterns.
- Attachment and Bullying: Securely attached children are typically less prone to bullying behaviors.
- Divorce Rates: Insecure attachment styles may contribute to a higher likelihood of divorce.
- Mother-Child Relationship: Memories of the mother-child relationship significantly influence adult views of relationships.
- Quality of Friendships: Securely attached children often form stronger and more fulfilling friendships.
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