24 Questions
What is the atomic number of an element?
The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom
Which subatomic particle gives mass to the atom?
Neutron
What determines the element of an atom?
The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
What is the smallest quantity of an element that retains the unique properties of that element?
Atom
What is the charge of the nucleus when an atom is uncharged?
+1
What is the role of electrons in an atom?
Spin around the nucleus at close to the speed of light
What gives identity to a chemical element?
Atomic number
Which subatomic particle is positively charged?
+1 charged proton
What is the symbol for atomic number?
$Z$
What contributes to the mass of an atom?
$p^{+}$ (proton)
What characteristic identifies a chemical element?
Atomic number
What does the atomic number determine?
The identity of a chemical element
Which region of the periodic table is responsible for more significant trends?
Groups
What determines whether a group in the periodic table will have similar chemical properties?
The number of outermost electrons
In the periodic table, which elements show similar properties and are responsible for identical trends?
Elements from the same group
What type of elements are good conductors of heat and electricity, and are mostly solids at room temperature?
Metals
Which type of elements are intermediate in their properties, more like nonmetals in physical properties, but can be made to conduct electricity under certain circumstances?
Metalloids
What do the periods represent in the periodic table?
Number of shells an element has
Which type of elements usually show poor conductance of heat and electricity and are mostly gases at room temperature?
Nonmetals
What determines whether two elements in the same group have similar chemical properties?
The number of electrons they have
What is the basis for classifying elements as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids?
Their electron configuration
Which region of the periodic table includes semiconductors that are extremely important in computers and other electronic devices?
P-block
In terms of their physical properties, which type of elements are more like nonmetals but under certain circumstances can conduct electricity?
Metalloids
Which part of the periodic table is made up of columns and is primarily responsible for similar chemical properties among elements?
Groups
Study Notes
- Atom is the smallest unit of an element with unique properties.
- An atom is made up of subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons.
- Protons and neutrons determine an atom's mass, and the number of each in the nucleus identifies the element.
- Electrons orbit the nucleus.
- Atomic number (proton number) and mass number identify an element.
- Elements can be classified as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids.
- Metals conduct heat and electricity, are mostly solids, and have a silvery shine.
- Nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electricity, and can be gases, liquids, or solids.
- Metalloids have intermediate properties and can conduct electricity when made into semiconductors.
- Periodic table displays chemical elements, shows trends based on electronic configurations, and has columns (groups) and rows (periods).
- Groups have elements with similar properties due to identical outer shell electron configurations.
- Periods represent the number of shells in an element.
- Theoretically, there are five blocks in the periodic table: s-block, p-block, d-block, f-block, and g-block.
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