Lect-3
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Lect-3

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Questions and Answers

What is the atomic number of an element?

  • The number of electrons in the nucleus of the atom
  • The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom (correct)
  • The combined number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom
  • The number of neutrons in the nucleus of the atom

    • Which subatomic particle gives mass to the atom?

  • Proton
  • Positron
  • Electron
  • Neutron (correct)

    • What determines the element of an atom?

  • The number of electrons orbiting the nucleus
  • The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus (correct)
  • The number of protons and neutrons combined
  • The speed at which electrons spin around the nucleus

    • What is the smallest quantity of an element that retains the unique properties of that element?

    <p>Atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of the nucleus when an atom is uncharged?

    <p>+1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of electrons in an atom?

    <p>Spin around the nucleus at close to the speed of light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives identity to a chemical element?

    <p>Atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subatomic particle is positively charged?

    <p>+1 charged proton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the symbol for atomic number?

    <p>$Z$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the mass of an atom?

    <p>$p^{+}$ (proton)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic identifies a chemical element?

    <p>Atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the atomic number determine?

    <p>The identity of a chemical element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the periodic table is responsible for more significant trends?

    <p>Groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether a group in the periodic table will have similar chemical properties?

    <p>The number of outermost electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the periodic table, which elements show similar properties and are responsible for identical trends?

    <p>Elements from the same group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of elements are good conductors of heat and electricity, and are mostly solids at room temperature?

    <p>Metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of elements are intermediate in their properties, more like nonmetals in physical properties, but can be made to conduct electricity under certain circumstances?

    <p>Metalloids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the periods represent in the periodic table?

    <p>Number of shells an element has</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of elements usually show poor conductance of heat and electricity and are mostly gases at room temperature?

    <p>Nonmetals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether two elements in the same group have similar chemical properties?

    <p>The number of electrons they have</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis for classifying elements as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids?

    <p>Their electron configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the periodic table includes semiconductors that are extremely important in computers and other electronic devices?

    <p>P-block</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of their physical properties, which type of elements are more like nonmetals but under certain circumstances can conduct electricity?

    <p>Metalloids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the periodic table is made up of columns and is primarily responsible for similar chemical properties among elements?

    <p>Groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Atom is the smallest unit of an element with unique properties.
    • An atom is made up of subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons.
    • Protons and neutrons determine an atom's mass, and the number of each in the nucleus identifies the element.
    • Electrons orbit the nucleus.
    • Atomic number (proton number) and mass number identify an element.
    • Elements can be classified as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids.
    • Metals conduct heat and electricity, are mostly solids, and have a silvery shine.
    • Nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electricity, and can be gases, liquids, or solids.
    • Metalloids have intermediate properties and can conduct electricity when made into semiconductors.
    • Periodic table displays chemical elements, shows trends based on electronic configurations, and has columns (groups) and rows (periods).
    • Groups have elements with similar properties due to identical outer shell electron configurations.
    • Periods represent the number of shells in an element.
    • Theoretically, there are five blocks in the periodic table: s-block, p-block, d-block, f-block, and g-block.

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