Atoms and Elements Quiz

Atoms and Elements

• All matter is made up of atoms.
• An element is a pure substance made of only one type of atom.
• Atoms cannot be created, destroyed, or broken down further.
• Elements are organised on the periodic table according to their chemical and physical properties.
• Atoms consist of a nucleus (protons and neutrons) and surrounding electrons.
• The nucleus is positively charged.
• Electrons are negatively charged.
• Atoms have an equal number of protons and electrons, making them electrically neutral.

Periodic Table

• The periodic table organises elements based on the size of their atoms.
• Elements are represented by their symbols (e.g., H for hydrogen).
• Elements on the table are arranged in periods (rows) and groups (columns).
• Periods and groups have similar properties.
• Groups on the periodic table are represented by the same number of electrons in the atom's outermost shell.
• Elements in the same group have similar chemical and physical properties.
• Metals are generally solids at room temperature. Their atoms bond closely together in a lattice structure.
• Non-metals are generally gases at room temperature.
• Monatomic – consists of a single atom.
• Diatomic – a molecule made from two atoms.

Molecules

• A molecule is a group of two or more atoms bonded together.
• Something can be a molecule and an element at the same time.
• For example, oxygen gas is both a molecule and an element.

Success Criteria

• Define and describe the key features of the periodic table, including periods, groups, elements, monatomic gases, and diatomic gases.
• Relate the atomic number and mass number of an element to the number of subatomic particles.

Learning Intentions

• Atoms make up all matter.
• An element has one type of atom that makes up a substance.
• The periodic table arranges elements according to their chemical and physical properties.