Questions and Answers
What are the 3 main subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
What is in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and neutrons.
How does the diameter of the nucleus compare to the diameter of the atom?
The larger the diameter of the nucleus, the larger the atom in both diameter and mass.
What are protons? What is their charge? Where are they located?
Signup and view all the answers
What are neutrons? What is their charge? Where are they located?
Signup and view all the answers
What are electrons? What is their charge? Where are they located?
Signup and view all the answers
How does the mass of an electron compare to protons and neutrons?
Signup and view all the answers
An atom is neutral if the number of protons and electrons are what? Why?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an ion? A positive ion? A negative ion?
Signup and view all the answers
How many subatomic particles are in the simplest atom? What element is the simplest atom?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the atomic number of an element?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the atomic number of carbon? Iron?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the mass number? Why aren't electrons included in the mass number?
Signup and view all the answers
The mass number of sodium is 23. How many protons and neutrons does it have?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Subatomic Structure Overview
- Three primary subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Nucleus Composition
- The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons, forming the dense core of an atom.
Nucleus Size Relationship
- A larger nucleus diameter corresponds to a larger overall atom diameter and increased mass.
Protons
- Protons are located in the nucleus, carry a positive charge, and define the atomic number of an element.
Neutrons
- Neutrons also reside in the nucleus, possess no charge (neutral), and contribute to atomic mass alongside protons.
Electrons
- Electrons are negatively charged particles found in energy levels surrounding the nucleus, organized in an electron cloud.
Electron Mass Comparison
- The mass of an electron is significantly smaller than that of protons and neutrons, about 1/1830, contributing negligibly to atomic mass.
Atomic Neutrality
- An atom is neutral when the number of protons equals the number of electrons, balancing positive and negative charges.
Ions
- Ions are charged atoms, formed by the exchange of electrons.
- Positive ions have more protons than electrons, while negative ions have more electrons than protons.
Simplest Atom
- The simplest atom, hydrogen, contains one proton and one electron.
Atomic Number
- The atomic number indicates the number of protons in an element, which defines the element's identity.
Specific Atomic Numbers
- Carbon has an atomic number of 6, while iron has an atomic number of 26.
Isotopes and Mass Number
- The mass number combines the total count of protons and neutrons, while electrons are excluded due to their minimal mass.
Sodium Example
- Sodium has an atomic number of 11 (11 protons); with an atomic mass of 23, it has 12 neutrons (23 - 11 = 12).
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of the atomic structure, including the roles and characteristics of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Dive into the composition of the nucleus and the concept of atomic neutrality. This quiz will challenge your understanding of basic atomic theory.
