Atomic Structure Basics Quiz

An atom is the smallest unit of an element, whereas a molecule is a group of two or more atoms chemically bonded together.

The proton is found in the nucleus of an atom, and its relative charge is +1.

The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, and it is represented by a subscript in the symbol of an element.

<p>Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, and the relative atomic mass (Ar) is calculated as the weighted average of the masses of the isotopes, based on their relative abundances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of electrons in the outer shell of an element determines its group number, and the number of shells determines its period number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The group number is equal to the valency of metals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The valency of non-metals is equal to 8 minus the group number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acids react with metals, bases, and metal carbonates to form salts, while bases react with acids to form salts and water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The reaction stops because the CaSO4 formed is insoluble and precipitates out, preventing further reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionic bonding is the transfer of electrons between atoms to form ions with opposite charges, which are then attracted to each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because of the strong electrostatic attractions between the ions in the lattice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sharing of a pair of electrons between atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Full outer shells make noble gases unreactive due to the extra stability associated with full outer shells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because in the solid state, the ions are fixed in place, but in the molten or aqueous state, the ions are free to move and conduct electricity.</p> Signup and view all the answers